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However, the GA-specific trajectories in body mass index (BMI) and early appearances of adiposity rebound (AR) have not been fully investigated in a cohort of Japanese SGA children. A longitudinal cohort study was conducted with 1063 SGA children born in Kobe, Japan, with sufficient records from birth to 3 years of age. Subjects were divided into subgroups based on GA: 39\u201341 weeks GA (n\u2009=\u2009723), 37\u201338 weeks GA (n\u2009=\u2009256), 34\u201336 weeks GA (n\u2009=\u200962), and &lt;34 weeks GA (n\u2009=\u200922). Height and BMI were assessed at 4 months, 9 months, 1.5 years, and 3 years of age. The catch-up rate for height was GA-dependent. Most children with 39\u201341 weeks GA (91%) caught up by 4 months of age; however, lower GA was associated with a slower elevation in the catch-up rate. The BMI trajectory during the first 3 years was also GA-dependent, with a change in GA dependency at a boundary of 37 weeks GA. Approximately 7% of SGA children had already developed AR before 3 years of age. In conclusion, growth patterns during infancy and early childhood in SGA children differ depending on GA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,9]],"date-time":"2016-12-09T10:34:20Z","timestamp":1481279660000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Gestational age-dependency of height and body mass index trajectories during the first 3 years in Japanese small-for-gestational age children"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Kaori","family":"Maeyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ichiro","family":"Morioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sota","family":"Iwatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachiyo","family":"Fukushima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Kurokawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keiji","family":"Yamana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kosuke","family":"Nishida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shohei","family":"Ohyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumichi","family":"Fujioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Awano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariko","family":"Taniguchi-Ikeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kandai","family":"Nozu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroaki","family":"Nagase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Nishimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chika","family":"Shirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazumoto","family":"Iijima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep38659_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1203\/00006450-199511000-00017","volume":"38","author":"J Karlberg","year":"1995","unstructured":"Karlberg, J. & Albertsson-Wikland, K. 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