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MT\u2212\/\u2212 and MT+\/+ mice were administrated with a single dose of DU (10\u2009mg\/kg, i.p.) or equal volume of saline. After 4 days, protein changes in kidney tissues were evaluated using a proteomics approach. A total of 13 differentially expressed proteins were identified using two-dimensional electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption\/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The validating results showed that the expression of aminoacylase-3 (ACY-3) and the mitochondrial ethylmalonic encephalopathy 1 (ETHE1) decreased significantly after DU exposure; in addition, the reduction in MT\u2212\/\u2212 mice was more significant than that in MT+\/+ mice. The results also showed that exogenous ETHE1 or ACY-3 could increase the survival rate of human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells after DU exposure. A specific siRNA of ETHE1 significantly increased cell apoptosis rates after DU exposure, whereas exogenous ETHE1 significantly decreased cell apoptosis rates. 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ETHE1 could be a new sensitive molecular target of DU-induced cell apoptosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep38942","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,14]],"date-time":"2016-12-14T10:46:34Z","timestamp":1481712394000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Differential protein expression in metallothionein protection from depleted uranium-induced nephrotoxicity"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Yuhui","family":"Hao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiawei","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiping","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhangyou","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep38942_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0265-931X(02)00041-3","volume":"64","author":"A Bleise","year":"2003","unstructured":"Bleise, A., Danesi, P. 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