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However, significant gaps remain in our understanding of the prevalence and clinical outcomes after adrenalectomy in APA patients harboring<jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>mutations. The molecular expression of CYP11B2 and gonadal receptors in adenomas were also explored. Adenomas from 219 APA patients (95 men; 44.2%; aged 50.5\u2009\u00b1\u200911.9 years) showed a high rate of somatic mutations (n\u2009=\u2009128, 58.4%). The majority of them harbored<jats:italic>KCNJ5<\/jats:italic>mutations (n\u2009=\u2009116, 52.9%); 8 patients (3.7%, 6 women) had<jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>mutations. Patients with APAs harboring<jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>mutations were older and had shorter duration of hypertension. After adrenalectomy,<jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>mutation carriers had a higher possibility (87.5%) of residual hypertension than other APA patients. APAs harboring<jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>mutations have heterogeneous staining of \u03b2-catenin and variable expression of gonadal receptors and both CYP11B1 and CYP11B2. This suggests that<jats:italic>CTNNB1<\/jats:italic>mutations may be more related to tumorigenesis rather than excessive aldosterone production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,19]],"date-time":"2017-01-19T13:44:30Z","timestamp":1484833470000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["The prevalence of CTNNB1 mutations in primary aldosteronism and consequences for clinical outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Vin-Cent","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuo-Meng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shih-Chieh Jeff","family":"Chueh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shao-Yu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kuo-How","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yen-Hung","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian-Jhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rory","family":"Connolly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Hui","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Celso E.","family":"Gomez-Sanchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang-Yung","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwan-Dun","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep39121_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e510","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.189141","volume":"117","author":"DA Calhoun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Calhoun, D. 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