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Our aim was to determine whether this microbial imbalance instigates perturbation of the host intestinal mucosal immune response, using a model of human microbiota-associated rats (HMAR) and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis. The analysis of the microbiota composition revealed a decrease of the relative abundance of <jats:italic>Bacteroides, Roseburia-Eubacterium rectale<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bifidobacterium<\/jats:italic> and an increase of <jats:italic>Enterobacteriaceae, Desulfovibrio<\/jats:italic> sp., and mainly <jats:italic>Akkermansia muciniphila<\/jats:italic> in C-IBS patients compared to healthy individuals. The bacterial diversity of the gut microbiota of healthy individuals or C-IBS patients was maintained in corresponding HMAR. Animals harboring a C-IBS microbiota had reduced DSS colitis with a decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines from innate, Th1, and Th17 responses. The pre-treatment of conventional C57BL\/6 mice or HMAR with <jats:italic>A. muciniphila<\/jats:italic>, but not with <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, prior exposure to DSS also resulted in a reduction of colitis severity, highlighting that the anti-inflammatory effect of the gut microbiota of C-IBS patients is mediated, in part, by <jats:italic>A. muciniphila<\/jats:italic>. This work highlights a novel aspect of the crosstalk between the gut microbiota of C-IBS patients and host intestinal homeostasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep39399","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]],"date-time":"2016-12-17T07:09:48Z","timestamp":1481958588000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["The human intestinal microbiota of constipated-predominant irritable bowel syndrome patients exhibits anti-inflammatory properties"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Alain P.","family":"Gobert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Sagrestani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eve","family":"Delmas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keith T.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Verriere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Dapoigny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Del\u2019homme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annick","family":"Bernalier-Donadille","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep39399_CR1","first-page":"71","volume":"6","author":"C Canavan","year":"2014","unstructured":"Canavan, C., West, J. & Card, T. 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