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Here we found that the bone repair effect of<jats:italic>CTLA4<\/jats:italic>-modified MSCs in demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in a rabbit radius defect model was significantly better than that observed for unmodified MSCs in DBM or DBM alone, and the periostin (POSTN) expression in<jats:italic>CTLA4<\/jats:italic>-modified MSCs was significantly higher than that in unmodified MSCs both<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>in vitro.<\/jats:italic>In addition, we also found that treatment of<jats:italic>CTLA4<\/jats:italic>-modified MSCs with soluble POSTN could inhibit the glycogen synthase kinase-3\u03b2 activity and increase \u03b2-catenin expression through up-regulation of lipoprotein-related protein-6 phosphorylation to promote osteogenic differentiation, but blocking of integrin \u03b1v\u03b23, a receptor of POSTN, could suppress these effects. Our data demonstrated that POSTN expressed in response to CTLA4 can promote the osteogenesis of xenotransplanted MSCs through interaction with Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41634","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]],"date-time":"2017-01-27T11:32:01Z","timestamp":1485516721000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Periostin Upregulates Wnt\/\u03b2-Catenin Signaling to Promote the Osteogenesis of CTLA4-Modified Human Bone Marrow-Mesenchymal Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Fei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keyu","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhigang","family":"Rong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengdong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zehua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiwu","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianzhong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep41634_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2537","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2008.0567","volume":"15","author":"A Ben-Ari","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ben-Ari, A. et al. 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