{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T10:41:24Z","timestamp":1785840084931,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485993600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1485993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To what extent can the mammalian visual system be shaped by visual behavior? Here we analyze the shape of the visual fields, the densities and distribution of cells in the retinal ganglion-cell layer and the organization of the visual projections in two species of facultative non-strictly subterranean rodents, <jats:italic>Spalacopus cyanus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Ctenomys talarum<\/jats:italic>, aiming to compare these traits with those of phylogenetically closely related species possessing contrasting diurnal\/nocturnal visual habits. <jats:italic>S. cyanus<\/jats:italic> shows a definite zone of frontal binocular overlap and a corresponding area centralis, but a highly reduced amount of ipsilateral retinal projections. The situation in <jats:italic>C. talarum<\/jats:italic> is more extreme as it lacks of a fronto-ventral area of binocular superposition, has no recognizable area centralis and shows no ipsilateral retinal projections except to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. In both species, the extension of the monocular visual field and of the dorsal region of binocular overlap as well as the whole set of contralateral visual projections, appear well-developed. We conclude that these subterranean rodents exhibit, paradoxically, diurnal instead of nocturnal visual specializations, but at the same time suffer a specific regression of the anatomical substrate for stereopsis. We discuss these findings in light of the visual ecology of subterranean lifestyles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]],"date-time":"2017-02-02T10:21:49Z","timestamp":1486030909000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Selective binocular vision loss in two subterranean caviomorph rodents: Spalacopus cyanus and Ctenomys talarum"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"T.","family":"Vega-Zuniga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F. S.","family":"Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Mar\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. C.","family":"Letelier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. G.","family":"Palacios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"N\u011bmec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. E.","family":"Schleich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Mpodozis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.4098\/AT.arch.95-43","volume":"40","author":"E Nevo","year":"1995","unstructured":"Nevo, E. Mammalian evolution underground. The ecological-genetic-phenetic interfaces. Acta Theriol. (Warsz). 40, 9\u201331 (1995).","journal-title":"Acta Theriol. (Warsz)"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Begall, S., Burda, H. & Schleich, C. E. Subterranean rodents: News from underground. (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2007).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-69276-8"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-4328(98)00012-6","volume":"96","author":"I Tobler","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tobler, I. et al. Rest-activity rhythm of the blind mole rat Spalax ehrenbergi under different lighting conditions. Behav. Brain Res. 96, 173\u2013183 (1998).","journal-title":"Behav. Brain Res."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1177\/0748730403259109","volume":"18","author":"MK Oosthuizen","year":"2003","unstructured":"Oosthuizen, M. K., Cooper, H. M. & Bennett, N. C. Circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in solitary and social species of African mole-rats (family: Bathyergidae). J. Biol. Rhythms 18, 481\u2013490 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Rhythms"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e11810","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011810","volume":"5","author":"O Kott","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kott, O., Sumbera, R. & N\u011bmec, P. Light perception in two strictly subterranean rodents: life in the dark or blue? PLoS One 5, e11810 (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR6","unstructured":"N\u011bmec, P., Cvekova, P., Burda, H., Benada, O. & Peichl, L. Visual systems and the role of vision in subterranean rodents: Diversity of retinal properties and visual system designs. In Begall, S., Burda, H., Schleich, C. E. (eds), Subterranean Rodents: News from Underground. (Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2007)."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1545","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03263.x","volume":"19","author":"L Peichl","year":"2004","unstructured":"Peichl, L., N\u011bmec, P. & Burda, H. Unusual cone and rod properties in subterranean African mole-rats (Rodentia, Bathyergidae). Eur. J. Neurosci. 19, 1545\u20131558 (2004).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2007.10.055","volume":"75","author":"P N\u011bmec","year":"2008","unstructured":"N\u011bmec, P. et al. The visual system in subterranean African mole-rats (Rodentia, Bathyergidae): Retina, subcortical visual nuclei and primary visual cortex. Brain Res. Bull. 75, 356\u2013364 (2008).","journal-title":"Brain Res. Bull."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20491","volume":"486","author":"L Peichl","year":"2005","unstructured":"Peichl, L. et al. Eye and vision in the subterranean rodent cururo (Spalacopus cyanus, Octodontidae). J. Comp. Neurol. 486, 197\u2013208 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4001","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22440","volume":"518","author":"CE Schleich","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schleich, C. E., Vielma, A., Gl\u00f6smann, M., Palacios, A. G. & Peichl, L. Retinal photoreceptors of two subterranean tuco-tuco species (Rodentia, Ctenomys): Morphology, topography, and spectral sensitivity. J. Comp. Neurol. 518, 4001\u20134015 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2004.03510.x","volume":"20","author":"P N\u011bmec","year":"2004","unstructured":"N\u011bmec, P., Burda, H. & Peichl, L. Subcortical visual system of the African mole-rat Cryptomys anselli: to see or not to see? Eur. J. Neurosci. 20, 757\u2013768 (2004).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20288","volume":"288","author":"SD Crish","year":"2006","unstructured":"Crish, S. D., Dengler-Crish, C. M. & Catania, K. C. Central visual system of the naked mole-rat (Heterocephalus glaber). Anat. Rec. A. Discov. Mol. Cell. Evol. Biol. 288, 205\u2013212 (2006).","journal-title":"Anat. Rec. A. Discov. Mol. Cell. Evol. Biol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1038\/361156a0","volume":"361","author":"H Cooper","year":"1993","unstructured":"Cooper, H., Herbin, M. & Nevo, E. Ocular regression conceals adaptive progression of the visual system in a blind subterranean mammal. Nature 361, 156\u2013159 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903460206","volume":"346","author":"M Herbin","year":"1994","unstructured":"Herbin, M., Rep\u00e9rant, J. & Cooper, H. M. Visual system of the fossorial mole-lemmings, Ellobius talpinus and Ellobius lutescens. J. Comp. Neurol. 346, 253\u2013275 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"issue":"12","key":"BFsrep41704_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e84199","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084199","volume":"8","author":"Tomas Vega-Zuniga","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vega-Zuniga, T. et al. Does nocturnality drive binocular vision? Octodontine rodents as a case study. PLoS One 8, (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2012.01.020","volume":"63","author":"NS Upham","year":"2012","unstructured":"Upham, N. S. & Patterson, B. D. Diversification and biogeography of the Neotropical caviomorph lineage Octodontoidea (Rodentia: Hystricognathi). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 63, 417\u2013429 (2012).","journal-title":"Mol. Phylogenet. Evol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0173(88)90017-3","volume":"472","author":"BE Reese","year":"1988","unstructured":"Reese, B. E. \u2018Hidden lamination\u2019 in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus: the functional organization of this thalamic region in the rat. Brain Res. 472, 119\u2013137 (1988).","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(87)90255-7","volume":"20","author":"BE Reese","year":"1987","unstructured":"Reese, B. E. & Cowey, A. The crossed projection from the temporal retina to the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus in the rat. Neuroscience 20, 951\u2013959 (1987).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.10764","volume":"463","author":"DE Major","year":"2003","unstructured":"Major, D. E., Rodman, H. R., Libedinsky, C. & Karten, H. J. Pattern of retinal projections in the California ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi): Anterograde tracing study using cholera toxin. J. Comp. Neurol. 463, 317\u2013340 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3733","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.23635","volume":"522","author":"LP Morin","year":"2014","unstructured":"Morin, L. P. & Studholme, K. M. Retinofugal projections in the mouse. J. Comp. Neurol. 522, 3733\u20133753 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ne.07.030184.000305","volume":"7","author":"JI Simpson","year":"1984","unstructured":"Simpson, J. I. The accessory optic system. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 7, 13\u201341 (1984).","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1979.59.3.449","volume":"59","author":"B Rusak","year":"1979","unstructured":"Rusak, B. & Zucker, I. Neural Regulation of Circadian Rhythms. Physiol. Rev. 59, 449\u2013526 (1979).","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-004-0578-4","volume":"191","author":"GA Williams","year":"2005","unstructured":"Williams, G. A., Calderone, J. B. & Jacobs, G. H. Photoreceptors and photopigments in a subterranean rodent, the pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae). J. Comp. Physiol. A. Neuroethol. Sens. Neural. Behav. Physiol. 191, 125\u2013134 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A. Neuroethol. Sens. Neural. Behav. Physiol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-003-0408-0","volume":"189","author":"GH Jacobs","year":"2003","unstructured":"Jacobs, G. H., Calderone, J. B., Fenwick, J. A., Krogh, K. & Williams, G. A. Visual adaptations in a diurnal rodent, Octodon degus. J. Comp. Physiol. A. Neuroethol. Sens. Neural. Behav. Physiol. 189, 347\u2013361 (2003).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A. Neuroethol. Sens. Neural. Behav. Physiol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1017\/S095252380808098X","volume":"26","author":"FAdeF Rocha","year":"2009","unstructured":"Rocha, F. A. de. F. et al. The topography of cone photoreceptors in the retina of a diurnal rodent, the agouti (Dasyprocta aguti). Vis. Neurosci. 26, 167\u2013175 (2009).","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-9462(00)00012-4","volume":"19","author":"PK Ahnelt","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ahnelt, P. K. & Kolb, H. The mammalian photoreceptor mosaic-adaptive design. Prog. Retin. Eye Res. 19, 711\u2013777 (2000).","journal-title":"Prog. Retin. Eye Res."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1644\/BWG-222.1","volume":"86","author":"D Urrejola","year":"2005","unstructured":"Urrejola, D., Lacey, E. A., Wieczorek, J. R. & Ebensperger, L. A. Daily activity patterns of free-living cururos (Spalacopus cyanus). J. Mammal. 86, 302\u2013308 (2005).","journal-title":"J. Mammal."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1644\/05-MAMM-A-386R1.1","volume":"87","author":"AP Cutrera","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cutrera, A. P., Antinuchi, C. D., Mora, M. S. & Vassallo, A. I. Home-range and activity patterns of the south american subterranean rodent Ctenomys talarum. J. Mammal. 87, 1183\u20131191 (2006).","journal-title":"J. Mammal."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1644\/1545-1542(2002)083<0153:APIASS>2.0.CO;2","volume":"83","author":"S Begall","year":"2002","unstructured":"Begall, S., Daan, S., Burda, H. & Overkamp, G. J. F. Activity Patterns in a Subterranean Social Rodent, Spalacopus Cyanus (Octodontidae). J. Mammal. 83, 153\u2013158 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Mammal."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1111\/eth.12515","volume":"122","author":"O Kott","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kott, O., N\u011bmec, P., Fremlov\u00e1, A., Mazoch, V. & \u0160umbera, R. Behavioural Tests Reveal Severe Visual Deficits in the Strictly Subterranean African Mole-Rats (Bathyergidae) but Efficient Vision in the Fossorial Rodent Coruro (Spalacopus cyanus. Octodontidae). Ethology 122, 682\u2013694 (2016).","journal-title":"Ethology"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1159\/000108621","volume":"71","author":"CP Heesy","year":"2008","unstructured":"Heesy, C. P. Ecomorphology of orbit orientation and the adaptive significance of binocular vision in primates and other mammals. Brain. Behav. Evol. 71, 54\u201367 (2008).","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Evol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1017\/S0952523800001140","volume":"2","author":"LCL Silveira","year":"1989","unstructured":"Silveira, L. C. L., Pican\u00e7o-Diniz, C. W. & Oswaldo-Cruz, E. Distribution and size of ganglion cells in the retinae of large Amazon rodents. Vis. Neurosci. 2, 221\u2013235 (1989).","journal-title":"Vis. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1111\/jzo.12152","volume":"294","author":"O Kott","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kott, O., Moritz, R. E., \u0160umbera, R., Burda, H. & N\u011bmec, P. Light propagation in burrows of subterranean rodents: tunnel system architecture but not photoreceptor sensitivity limits light sensation range. J. Zool. 294, 68\u201376 (2014).","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR34","unstructured":"Pettigrew, J. D. Evolution of binocular vision. In: Visual Neuroscience ( Sanderson K. J., Lewick W. R. eds) (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1986)."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1016\/S0042-6989(98)00262-4","volume":"39","author":"EJ Warrant","year":"1999","unstructured":"Warrant, E. J. Seeing better at night: life style, eye design and the optimum strategy of spatial and temporal summation. Vision Res. 39, 1611\u20131630 (1999).","journal-title":"Vision Res."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(83)90110-0","volume":"10","author":"BE Reese","year":"1983","unstructured":"Reese, B. E. & Cowey, A. Projection lines and the ipsilateral retino-geniculate pathway in the hooded rat. Neuroscience 10, 1233\u20131247 (1983).","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10113","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0401955101","volume":"101","author":"RA Barton","year":"2004","unstructured":"Barton, R. A. Binocularity and brain evolution in primates. PNAS 101, 10113\u201310115 (2004).","journal-title":"PNAS"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.a.20116","volume":"281","author":"CP Heesy","year":"2004","unstructured":"Heesy, C. P. On the relationship between orbit orientation and binocular visual field overlap in mammals. Anat. Rec. A. Discov. Mol. Cell. Evol. Biol. 281, 1104\u20131110 (2004).","journal-title":"Anat. Rec. A. Discov. Mol. Cell. Evol. Biol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12153","volume":"498","author":"DJ Wallace","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wallace, D. J. et al. Rats maintain an overhead binocular field at the expense of constant fusion. Nature 498, 65\u201369 (2013).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011345000786","volume":"8","author":"MH Gallardo","year":"2001","unstructured":"Gallardo, M. H. & Kirsch, J. A. W. Molecular Relationships Among Octodontidae (Mammalia: Rodentia: Caviomorpha). J. Mamm. Evol. 8, 73\u201389 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Mamm. Evol"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1007\/s10914-015-9301-1","volume":"23","author":"DH Verzi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Verzi, D. H., Olivares, A. I., Morgan, C. C. & \u00c1lvarez, A. Contrasting Phylogenetic and Diversity Patterns in Octodontoid Rodents and a New Definition of the Family Abrocomidae. J. Mamm. Evol. 23, 93\u2013115 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Mamm. Evol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"932","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ympev.2005.05.002","volume":"37","author":"J Opazo","year":"2005","unstructured":"Opazo, J. A molecular timescale for caviomorph rodents (Mammalia, Hystricognathi). Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 37, 932\u2013937 (2005).","journal-title":"Mol. Phylogenet. Evol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mambio.2009.03.011","volume":"75","author":"DH Verzi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Verzi, D. H., Olivares, A. I. & Morgan, C. C. The oldest South American tuco-tuco (late Pliocene, northwestern Argentina) and the boundaries of the genus Ctenomys (Rodentia, Ctenomyidae). Mamm. Biol. - Zeitschrift f\u00fcr S\u00e4ugetierkd. 75, 243\u2013252 (2010).","journal-title":"Mamm. Biol. - Zeitschrift f\u00fcr S\u00e4ugetierkd."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"386","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.2007.00398.x","volume":"274","author":"DH Verzi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Verzi, D. H. Phylogeny and adaptive diversity of rodents of the family Ctenomyidae (Caviomorpha): delimiting lineages and genera in the fossil record. J. Zool. 274, 386\u2013394 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1002\/evan.1360010308","volume":"1","author":"M Cartmill","year":"1992","unstructured":"Cartmill, M. New Views on Primate Origins. Evol. Anthropol. 1, 105\u2013111 (1992).","journal-title":"Evol. Anthropol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.2006.00227.x","volume":"271","author":"MI Hall","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hall, M. I. & Ross, C. F. Eye shape and activity pattern in birds. J. Zool. 271, 437\u2013444 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1159\/000329257","volume":"77","author":"M Larsson","year":"2011","unstructured":"Larsson, M. Binocular vision and ipsilateral retinal projections in relation to eye and forelimb coordination. Brain. Behav. Evol. 77, 219\u2013230 (2011).","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Evol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3389\/fevo.2015.00089","volume":"3","author":"ML Larsson","year":"2015","unstructured":"Larsson, M. L. Binocular vision, the optic chiasm, and their associations with vertebrate motor behavior. Front. Ecol. Evol. 3, 89 (2015).","journal-title":"Front. Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1110","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms2111","volume":"3","author":"J Troscianko","year":"2012","unstructured":"Troscianko, J., von Bayern, A. M. P., Chappell, J., Rutz, C. & Martin, G. R. Extreme binocular vision and a straight bill facilitate tool use in New Caledonian crows. Nat. Commun. 3, 1110 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walls, G. L. The Vertebrate Eye And It\u2019s Adaptive Radiation. Optom. Vis. Sci. 814 (1942).","DOI":"10.5962\/bhl.title.7369"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/3504535","volume":"594","author":"JC Torres-mura","year":"1998","unstructured":"Torres-mura, J. C. & Contreras, L. C. Spalacopus cyanus. Mamm. Species 594, 1\u20135 (1998).","journal-title":"Mamm. Species"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR52","unstructured":"Francescoli, G. Sensory capabilities and communication in subterranean rodents. Life underground: the biology of subterranean rodents ( E. A. Lacey, J. L. Patton & G. N. Cameron, eds) (University of Chicago Press, Illinois, 2000)."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR53","unstructured":"Jaksic, F. M. Predation upon small mammals in shrublands and grasslands of southern South America: ecological correlates and presumable consequences. 59, 209\u2013221 (1986)."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1159\/000314898","volume":"75","author":"JD Pettigrew","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pettigrew, J. D., Bhagwandin, A., Haagensen, M. & Manger, P. R. Visual acuity and heterogeneities of retinal ganglion cell densities and the tapetum lucidum of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana). Brain. Behav. Evol. 75, 251\u2013261 (2010).","journal-title":"Brain. Behav. Evol."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2818.1977.tb00062.x","volume":"111","author":"HJG Gundersen","year":"1977","unstructured":"Gundersen, H. J. G. Notes on the estimation of the numerical density of arbitrary profiles: the edge effect. J. Microsc. 111, 219\u2013223 (1977).","journal-title":"J. Microsc."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e93485","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0093485","volume":"9","author":"E Garza-Gisholt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Garza-Gisholt, E., Hemmi, J. M., Hart, N. S. & Collin, S. P. A comparison of spatial analysis methods for the construction of topographic maps of retinal cell density. PLoS One 9, e93485 (2014).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR57","unstructured":"Merzin, M. Applying stereological method in radiology. Volume measurement. At http:\/\/lepo.it.da.ut.ee\/~markkom\/volumest\/ (2008)."},{"key":"BFsrep41704_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.21098","volume":"500","author":"AN Iwaniuk","year":"2007","unstructured":"Iwaniuk, A. N. & Wylie, D. R. W. Neural specialization for hovering in hummingbirds: hypertrophy of the pretectal nucleus Lentiformis mesencephali. J. Comp. Neurol. 500, 211\u2013221 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Neurol."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep41704.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep41704","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep41704.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,24]],"date-time":"2022-12-24T01:32:25Z","timestamp":1671845545000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep41704"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,16]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsrep41704"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep41704","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"17 August 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 December 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"2 February 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"41704"}}