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However, it is still not clear whether pre-treated BMSCs have a strong anti-inflammatory and\/or analgesia effect. Using the spinal nerve ligation model of neuropathic pain, IL-1\u03b2 pre-treated BMSCs (IL-1\u03b2-BMSCs) were injected into rats followed by SNL in order to determine possible effects. Results indicated that IL-1\u03b2-BMSCs were more efficacious in both amelioration of neuropathic pain and inhibition of microglia activation. Specifically, microglia inhibition was found to be mediated by chemokine C-C motif ligand 7 (CCL7) but not CCL2. Results also showed that IL-1\u03b2-BMSCs had a stronger inhibitory effect on astrocyte activation as well as CCL7 release, which was found to be mediated by IL-10 not transforming growth factor-\u03b21. In addition, we also found directional migration of IL-1\u03b2-BMSCs was mediated by inceased C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL) 13 expression following SNL. In conclusion, our results indicated IL-1\u03b2-BMSCs could inhibit microglia activation and neuropathic pain by decreasing CCL7 level in spinal cord.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42260","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,14]],"date-time":"2017-02-14T10:21:26Z","timestamp":1487067686000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":43,"title":["Interleukin-1\u03b2 pre-treated bone marrow stromal cells alleviate neuropathic pain through CCL7-mediated inhibition of microglial activation in the spinal cord"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Jian","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guoying","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haowei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangnan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongbin","family":"Yuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep42260_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2016.05.002","volume":"37","author":"GR Tibbs","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tibbs, G. 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