{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,14]],"date-time":"2026-09-14T21:59:16Z","timestamp":1789423156040,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]],"date-time":"2017-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487116800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]],"date-time":"2017-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1487116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Functional brain imaging studies and non-invasive brain stimulation methods have shown the importance of the left supramarginal gyrus (SMG) for pitch memory. The extent to which this brain region plays a crucial role in memory for other auditory material remains unclear. Here, we sought to investigate the role of the left and right SMG in pitch and rhythm memory in non-musicians. Anodal or sham transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) was applied over the left SMG (Experiment 1) and right SMG (Experiment 2) in two different sessions. In each session participants completed a pitch and rhythm recognition memory task immediately after tDCS. A significant facilitation of pitch memory was revealed when anodal stimulation was applied over the left SMG. No significant effects on pitch memory were found for anodal tDCS over the right SMG or sham condition. For rhythm memory the opposite pattern was found; anodal tDCS over the right SMG led to an improvement in performance, but anodal tDCS over the left SMG had no significant effect. These results highlight a different hemispheric involvement of the SMG in auditory memory processing depending on auditory material that is encoded.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]],"date-time":"2017-02-15T10:33:48Z","timestamp":1487154828000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Hemispheric differences between left and right supramarginal gyrus for pitch and rhythm memory"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nora K.","family":"Schaal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Pollok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Banissy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0033-2909.126.1.159","volume":"126","author":"CL Krumhansl","year":"2000","unstructured":"Krumhansl, C. L. Rhythm and pitch in music cognition. Psychological Bulletin 126, 159\u2013179, doi: 10.1037\/\/0033-2909.126.1.159 (2000).","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1037\/\/0096-1523.24.3.756","volume":"24","author":"T Nazzi","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nazzi, T., Bertoncini, J. & Mehler, J. Language discrimination by newborns: Toward an understanding of the role of rhythm. Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance 24, 756\u2013766, doi: 10.1037\/\/0096-1523.24.3.756 (1998).","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1016\/s0010-0277(99)00058-x","volume":"73","author":"F Ramus","year":"1999","unstructured":"Ramus, F., Nespor, M. & Mehler, J. Correlates of linguistic rhythm in the speech signal. Cognition 73, 265\u2013292, doi: 10.1016\/s0010-0277(99)00058-x (1999).","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1177\/0305735611415145","volume":"40","author":"J Posedel","year":"2012","unstructured":"Posedel, J., Emery, L., Souza, B. & Fountain, C. Pitch perception, working memory, and second-language phonological production. Psychology of Music 40, 508\u2013517, doi: 10.1177\/0305735611415145 (2012).","journal-title":"Psychology of Music"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1007\/s10339-015-0740-7","volume":"17","author":"J Slater","year":"2016","unstructured":"Slater, J. & Kraus, N. The role of rhythm in perceiving speech in noise: a comparison of percussionists, vocalists and non-musicians. Cognitive Processing 17, 79\u201387, doi: 10.1007\/s10339-015-0740-7 (2016).","journal-title":"Cognitive Processing"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peretz, I. & Zatorre, R. J. In Annual Review of Psychology Vol. 56 Annual Review of Psychology 89\u2013114 (Annual Reviews, 2005).","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.56.091103.070225"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.14-04-01908.1994","volume":"14","author":"RJ Zatorre","year":"1994","unstructured":"Zatorre, R. J., Evans, A. C. & Meyer, E. Neural mechanisms underlying melodic perception and memory for pitch. Journal of Neuroscience 14, 1908\u20131919 (1994).","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20550","volume":"30","author":"S Koelsch","year":"2009","unstructured":"Koelsch, S. et al. Functional Architecture of Verbal and Tonal Working Memory: An fMRI Study. Human Brain Mapping 30, 859\u2013873, doi: 10.1002\/hbm.20550 (2009).","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1572","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.05.061","volume":"57","author":"TA Jerde","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jerde, T. A., Childs, S. K., Handy, S. T., Nagode, J. C. & Pardo, J. V. Dissociable systems of working memory for rhythm and melody. Neuroimage 57, 1572\u20131579, doi: 10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.05.061 (2011).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"771","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.21060","volume":"32","author":"K Schulze","year":"2011","unstructured":"Schulze, K., Zysset, S., Mueller, K., Friederici, A. D. & Koelsch, S. Neuroarchitecture of Verbal and Tonal Working Memory in Nonmusicians and Musicians. Human Brain Mapping 32, 771\u2013783, doi: 10.1002\/hbm.21060 (2011).","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1016\/s1053-8119(03)00224-6","volume":"19","author":"N Gaab","year":"2003","unstructured":"Gaab, N., Gaser, C., Z\u00e4hle, T., J\u00e4ncke, L. & Schlaug, G. Functional anatomy of pitch memory - an fMRI study with sparse temporal sampling. Neuroimage 19, 1417\u20131426, doi: 10.1016\/s1053-8119(03)00224-6 (2003).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130120","volume":"10","author":"N Konoike","year":"2015","unstructured":"Konoike, N. et al. Temporal and Motor Representation of Rhythm in Fronto-Parietal Cortical Areas: An fMRI Study. Plos One 10, 19, doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0130120 (2015).","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.07.002","volume":"63","author":"N Konoike","year":"2012","unstructured":"Konoike, N. et al. Rhythm information represented in the fronto-parieto-cerebellar motor system. Neuroimage 63, 328\u2013338, doi: 10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.07.002 (2012).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1080\/02643294.2013.863183","volume":"30","author":"J Phillips-Silver","year":"2013","unstructured":"Phillips-Silver, J., Toiviainen, P., Gosselin, N. & Peretz, I. Amusic does not mean unmusical: Beat perception and synchronization ability despite pitch deafness. Cognitive Neuropsychology 30, 311\u2013331, doi: 10.1080\/02643294.2013.863183 (2013).","journal-title":"Cognitive Neuropsychology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0956-7976.2004.00683.x","volume":"15","author":"KL Hyde","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hyde, K. L. & Peretz, I. Brains that are out of tune but in time. Psychological Science 15, 356\u2013360, doi: 10.1111\/j.0956-7976.2004.00683.x (2004).","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/113.4.1185","volume":"113","author":"I Peretz","year":"1990","unstructured":"Peretz, I. Processing of Local and Global Musical Information by Unilateral Brain-damaged Patients. Brain 113, 1185\u20131205, doi: 10.1093\/brain\/113.4.1185 (1990).","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1080\/02643299308253455","volume":"10","author":"I Peretz","year":"1993","unstructured":"Peretz, I. Auditoy Anatolia for Meldodies. Cognitive Neuropsychology 10, 21\u201356, doi: 10.1080\/02643299308253455 (1993).","journal-title":"Cognitive Neuropsychology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2003.12.004","volume":"42","author":"M Di Pietro","year":"2004","unstructured":"Di Pietro, M., Laganaro, M., Leemann, B. & Schnider, A. Receptive amusia: temporal auditory processing deficit in a professional musician following a left temporo-parietal lesion. Neuropsychologia 42, 868\u2013877, doi: 10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2003.12.004 (2004).","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.69.4.541","volume":"69","author":"M Piccirilli","year":"2000","unstructured":"Piccirilli, M., Sciarma, T. & Luzzi, S. Modularity of music: evidence from a case of pure amusia. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 69, 541\u2013545, doi: 10.1136\/jnnp.69.4.541 (2000).","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-12-126","volume":"12","author":"N Bolandzadeh","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bolandzadeh, N., Davis, J. C., Tam, R., Handy, T. C. & Liu-Ambrose, T. The association between cognitive function and white matter lesion location in older adults: a systematic review. Bmc Neurology 12, 10, doi: 10.1186\/1471-2377-12-126 (2012).","journal-title":"Bmc Neurology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00104.1999","volume":"87","author":"MJ Tramo","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tramo, M. J., Shah, G. D. & Braida, L. D. Functional role of auditory cortex in frequency processing and pitch perception. Journal of Neurophysiology 87, 122\u2013139 (2002).","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dykstra, A. R., Koh, C. K., Braida, L. D. & Tramo, M. J. Dissociation of Detection and Discrimination of Pure Tones following Bilateral Lesions of Auditory Cortex. Plos One 7, doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0044602 (2012).","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044602"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00279","volume":"7","author":"CS Herrmann","year":"2013","unstructured":"Herrmann, C. S., Rach, S., Neuling, T. & Struber, D. Transcranial alternating current stimulation: a review of the underlying mechanisms and modulation of cognitive processes. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 7, 13, doi: 10.3389\/fnhum.2013.00279 (2013).","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1702","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.06.014","volume":"37","author":"C Miniussi","year":"2013","unstructured":"Miniussi, C., Harris, J. A. & Ruzzoli, M. Modelling non-invasive brain stimulation in cognitive neuroscience. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews 37, 1702\u20131712, doi: 10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2013.06.014 (2013).","journal-title":"Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2006.06.016","volume":"16","author":"AT Sack","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sack, A. T. Transcranial magnetic stimulation, causal structure-function mapping and networks of functional relevance. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 16, 593\u2013599, doi: 10.1016\/j.conb.2006.06.016 (2006).","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Neurobiology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2527","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13036","volume":"42","author":"I Santiesteban","year":"2015","unstructured":"Santiesteban, I., Banissy, M. J., Catmur, C. & Bird, G. Functional lateralization of temporoparietal junction - imitation inhibition, visual perspective-taking and theory of mind. European Journal of Neuroscience 42, 2527\u20132533, doi: 10.1111\/ejn.13036 (2015).","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00132","volume":"8","author":"CDB Luft","year":"2014","unstructured":"Luft, C. D. B., Pereda, E., Banissy, M. J. & Bhattacharya, J. Best of both worlds: promise of combining brain stimulation and brain connectome. Frontiers in systems neuroscience 8, 132, doi: 10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00132 (2014).","journal-title":"Frontiers in systems neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brs.2012.03.012","volume":"5","author":"CH Juan","year":"2012","unstructured":"Juan, C. H. & Muggleton, N. G. Brain stimulation and inhibitory control. Brain Stimulation 5, 63\u201369, doi: 10.1016\/j.brs.2012.03.012 (2012).","journal-title":"Brain Stimulation"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1899","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.10.1899","volume":"57","author":"MA Nitsche","year":"2001","unstructured":"Nitsche, M. A. & Paulus, W. Sustained excitability elevations induced by transcranial DC motor cortex stimulation in humans. Neurology 57, 1899\u20131901 (2001).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1162\/089892904323057263","volume":"16","author":"A Antal","year":"2004","unstructured":"Antal, A. et al. Direct current stimulation over V5 enhances visuomotor coordination by improving motion perception in humans. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 16, 521\u2013527, doi: 10.1162\/089892904323057263 (2004).","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.10.007","volume":"20","author":"RC Kadosh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kadosh, R. C., Soskic, S., Iuculano, T., Kanai, R. & Walsh, V. Modulating Neuronal Activity Produces Specific and Long-Lasting Changes in Numerical Competence. Current Biology 20, 2016\u20132020, doi: 10.1016\/j.cub.2010.10.007 (2010).","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0025399","volume":"6","author":"A Ladeira","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ladeira, A. et al. Polarity-Dependent Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Effects on Central Auditory Processing. Plos One 6, 6, doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0025399 (2011).","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x","volume":"527","author":"MA Nitsche","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nitsche, M. A. & Paulus, W. Excitability changes induced in the human motor cortex by weak transcranial direct current stimulation. Journal of Physiology-London 527, 633\u2013639, doi: 10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2000.t01-1-00633.x (2000).","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology-London"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2016","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.10.007","volume":"20","author":"R Cohen Kadosh","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cohen Kadosh, R., Soskic, S., Iuculano, T., Kanai, R. & Walsh, V. Modulating Neuronal Activity Produces Specific and Long-Lasting Changes in Numerical Competence. Current Biology 20, 2016\u20132020, doi: 10.1016\/j.cub.2010.10.007 (2010).","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1987","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.249730","volume":"591","author":"G Batsikadze","year":"2013","unstructured":"Batsikadze, G., Moliadze, V., Paulus, W., Kuo, M. F. & Nitsche, M. A. Partially non-linear stimulation intensity-dependent effects of direct current stimulation on motor cortex excitability in humans. Journal of Physiology-London 591, 1987\u20132000, doi: 10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.249730 (2013).","journal-title":"Journal of Physiology-London"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00002","volume":"8","author":"JC Horvath","year":"2014","unstructured":"Horvath, J. C., Carter, O. & Forte, J. D. Transcranial direct current stimulation: five important issues we aren\u2019t discussing (but probably should be). Frontiers in systems neuroscience 8, 2\u20132, doi: 10.3389\/fnsys.2014.00002 (2014).","journal-title":"Frontiers in systems neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.021","volume":"66","author":"JC Horvath","year":"2015","unstructured":"Horvath, J. C., Forte, J. D. & Carter, O. Evidence that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) generates little-to-no reliable neurophysiologic effect beyond MEP amplitude modulation in healthy human subjects: A systematic review. Neuropsychologia 66, 213\u2013236, doi: 10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2014.11.021 (2015).","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3513","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12344","volume":"38","author":"NK Schaal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schaal, N. K., Williamson, V. J. & Banissy, M. J. Anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the supramarginal gyrus facilitates pitch memory. European Journal of Neuroscience 38, 3513\u20133518, doi: 10.1111\/ejn.12344 (2013).","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2014.11.011","volume":"64","author":"NK Schaal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schaal, N. K. et al. A causal involvement of the left supramarginal gyrus during the retention of musical pitches. Cortex 64, 310\u2013317, doi: 10.1016\/j.cortex.2014.11.011 (2015).","journal-title":"Cortex"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2774","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhu075","volume":"25","author":"NK Schaal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schaal, N. K. et al. Pitch Memory in Nonmusicians and Musicians: Revealing Functional Differences Using Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation. Cerebral Cortex 25, 2774\u20132782, doi: 10.1093\/cercor\/bhu075 (2015).","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1047","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000223396.05070.a2","volume":"17","author":"BW Vines","year":"2006","unstructured":"Vines, B. W., Schnider, N. M. & Schlaug, G. Testing for causality with transcranial direct current stimulation: pitch memory and the left supramarginal gyrus. Neuroreport 17, 1047\u20131050, doi: 10.1097\/01.wnr.0000223396.05070.a2 (2006).","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci4020428","volume":"4","author":"MH Thaut","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thaut, M. H., Trimarchi, P. D. & Parsons, L. M. Human brain basis of musical rhythm perception: common and distinct neural substrates for meter, tempo, and pattern. Brain sciences 4, 428\u2013452, doi: 10.3390\/brainsci4020428 (2014).","journal-title":"Brain sciences"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.02.045","volume":"75","author":"RJ Ellis","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ellis, R. J., Bruijn, B., Norton, A. C., Winner, E. & Schlaug, G. Training-mediated leftward asymmetries during music processing: A cross-sectional and longitudinal fMRI analysis. Neuroimage 75, 97\u2013107, doi: 10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.02.045 (2013).","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2006.18.7.1147","volume":"18","author":"L Romero","year":"2006","unstructured":"Romero, L., Walsh, V. & Papagno, C. The neural correlates of phonological short-term memory: A repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation study. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 18, 1147\u20131155, doi: 10.1162\/jocn.2006.18.7.1147 (2006).","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"342","DOI":"10.1038\/362342a0","volume":"362","author":"E Paulesu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Paulesu, E., Frith, C. D. & Frackowiak, R. S. J. The neural correlates of the verbal component of working memory. Nature 362, 342\u2013345, doi: 10.1038\/362342a0 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"836","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhs367","volume":"24","author":"M Herdener","year":"2014","unstructured":"Herdener, M. et al. Jazz Drummers Recruit Language-Specific Areas for the Processing of Rhythmic Structure. Cerebral Cortex 24, 836\u2013843, doi: 10.1093\/cercor\/bhs367 (2014).","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1403","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.07.021","volume":"21","author":"R Holland","year":"2011","unstructured":"Holland, R. et al. Speech Facilitation by Left Inferior Frontal Cortex Stimulation. Current Biology 21, 1403\u20131407, doi: 10.1016\/j.cub.2011.07.021 (2011).","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grubbs, F. E. Vol. 11, 1\u201321 (Technometrics, 1969).","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1969.10490657"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089642","volume":"9","author":"D M\u00fcllensiefen","year":"2014","unstructured":"M\u00fcllensiefen, D., Gingras, B., Musil, J. & Stewart, L. The Musicality of Non-Musicians: An Index for Assessing Musical Sophistication in the General Population. Plos One 9, 23, doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0089642 (2014).","journal-title":"Plos One"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"423","DOI":"10.1177\/1029864914541851","volume":"18","author":"NK Schaal","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schaal, N. K., Bauer, A.-K. R. & M\u00fcllensiefen, D. Der Gold-MSI: Replikation und Validierung eines Fragebogeninstrumentes zur Messung Musikalischer Erfahrenheit anhand einer deutschen Stichprobe. Musicae Scientiae 18, 423\u2013447, doi: 10.1177\/1029864914541851 (2014).","journal-title":"Musicae Scientiae"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1080\/09658211.2010.501339","volume":"18","author":"VJ Williamson","year":"2010","unstructured":"Williamson, V. J. & Stewart, L. Memory for pitch in congenital amusia: Beyond a fine-grained pitch discrimination problem. Memory 18, 657\u2013669, doi: 10.1080\/09658211.2010.501339 (2010).","journal-title":"Memory"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1080\/09298215.2014.937724","volume":"44","author":"NK Schaal","year":"2015","unstructured":"Schaal, N. K., Banissy, M. J. & Lange, K. The Rhythm Span Task: Comparing Memory Capacity for Musical Rhythms in Musicians and Non-Musicians. Journal of New Music Research 44, 3\u201310, doi: 10.1080\/09298215.2014.937724 (2015).","journal-title":"Journal of New Music Research"},{"key":"BFsrep42456_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.12.003","volume":"117","author":"PC Gandiga","year":"2006","unstructured":"Gandiga, P. C., Hummel, F. C. & Cohen, L. G. Transcranial DC stimulation (OCS): A tool for double-blind sham-controlled clinical studies in brain stimulation. Clinical Neurophysiology 117, 845\u2013850, doi: 10.1016\/j.clinph.2005.12.003 (2006).","journal-title":"Clinical Neurophysiology"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep42456","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep42456.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep42456.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T20:12:24Z","timestamp":1671826344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/srep42456"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,15]]}},"alternative-id":["BFsrep42456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep42456","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"1 February 2016","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 December 2016","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 February 2017","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing financial interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"42456"}}