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Twenty-nine eyes of 18 patients with ONH and 21 eyes of 21 control patients were analyzed. Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), full-field electroretinography (FF-ERG), and focal macular ERG (FM-ERG) were performed. SD-OCT analysis of the macular region showed significant ganglion cells complex (GCC) thinning nasally and temporally (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05), but the thickness from the inner nuclear layer (INL) to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) became thinner only nasally (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). SD-OCT analysis of the circumpapillary region showed significant thinning in the retinal nerve fiber layer and from the INL to the RPE (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The horizontal SD-OCT images showed variable foveal abnormalities. FF-ERG analysis showed significantly reduced amplitudes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) and preserved implicit time in the photopic negative response. The amplitudes and implicit times of the other FF-ERG components did not differ significantly. FM-ERG analysis showed significantly reduced amplitudes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) but preserved implicit times in all components. The current study showed the change of retinal structure and function in eyes with ONH compared with those with control, representing by decreased retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, foveal abnormalities, and preserved peripheral retina except for the RGCs and their axons.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42480","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]],"date-time":"2017-02-16T10:30:54Z","timestamp":1487241054000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Retinal Structure and Function in Eyes with Optic Nerve Hypoplasia"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Katagiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sachiko","family":"Nishina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Yokoi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Mikami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuri","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michiko","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriyuki","family":"Azuma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep42480_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(75)90088-4","volume":"79","author":"Y Hackenbruch","year":"1975","unstructured":"Hackenbruch, Y., Meerhoff, E., Besio, R. & Cardoso, H. 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