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It was found that 8-OHdG and ROS levels were significantly lower in <jats:italic>dnd<\/jats:italic>+ (i.e. <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) <jats:italic>E. coli.<\/jats:italic>, compared to a <jats:italic>dnd<\/jats:italic>\u2212 (i.e. <jats:italic>S<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) strain. Furthermore, different from traditional antioxidants, phosphorothioate compound presents an unexpectedly high capacity to quench hydroxyl radical. Oxidative product analysis by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantum mechanistic computation supported its unique anti-oxidant characteristic of the hydroxyl selectivity: phosphorothioate donates an electron to either hydroxyl radical or guanine radical derived from hydroxyl radical, leading to a PS<jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup> radical; a complex of PS<jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup> radical and OH<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> (i.e. the reductive product of hydroxyl radical) releases a highly reductive HS<jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup> radical, which scavenges more equivalents of oxidants in the way to high-covalent sulphur compounds such as sulphur, sulphite and sulphate. The PS-PO conversion (PS and PO denote phosphorus-sulphur and phosphorus-oxygen compounds, respectively) made a switch of extremely oxidative OH<jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup> to highly reductive HS<jats:sup>\u2022<\/jats:sup> species, endowing PT-DNA with the observed high capacity in hydroxyl-radical neutralization. This plausible mechanism provides partial rationale as to why bacteria develop the resource-demanding PT modification on guanine-neighboring phosphates in genome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,20]],"date-time":"2017-02-20T10:10:05Z","timestamp":1487585405000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Mechanistic Investigation on ROS Resistance of Phosphorothioated DNA"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Tingting","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Lei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linquan","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingdan","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zixin","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Lei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep42823_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3951","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms4951","volume":"5","author":"B Cao","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cao, B. et al. 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