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Chemotherapy remains the major treatment for late-stage patients. However, insensitivity to these chemotherapeutic agents including cisplatin is common. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown as modulators of drug resistance in many cancer types. We used genome-wide gene expression analysis in clinical samples to identify miR-125b-5p down-regulated in gallbladder cancer. miR-125b-5p up-regulation promoted cell death in gallbladder cancer cells in the presence of cisplatin. In contrast, knockdown of miR-125b-5p reduced cell death in gallbladder cancer cells treated with cisplatin. Up-regulation of miR-125b-5p significantly decreased tumor growth in combination with cisplatin in a mouse model. We identified Bcl2 as a direct target of miR-125b-5p which mediates the function of miR-125b-5p in gallbladder cancer. In clinical samples, miR-125b-5p was down-regulated in gallbladder cancer whereas Bcl2 was up-regulated and their expression was inversely correlated. Moreover, low miR-125b-5p expression or high expression of Bcl2 is correlated with poor prognosis in gallbladder cancer. Taken together, our findings indicate that miR-125b-5p is a potent chemotherapy sensitizer and may function as a new biomarker for the prognosis of gallbladder cancer patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]],"date-time":"2017-03-03T12:51:59Z","timestamp":1488545519000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["miR-125b-5p enhances chemotherapy sensitivity to cisplatin by down-regulating Bcl2 in gallbladder cancer"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Dong","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunhe","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunwang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinchun","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qihong","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep43109_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"967472","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/967472","volume":"2015","author":"R Kanthan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kanthan, R., Senger, J. 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