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The preventive effects were evaluated in human colonic carcinoma cell line Caco-2 and neonatal rat models. Our <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> results showed that LCS could block adhesion, invasion and translocation of <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 to Caco-2 monolayer via up-regulating mucin production and maintaining intestinal integrity. <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic> experiments revealed that pre-treatment with LCS significantly decrease susceptibility of neonatal rats to oral <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 infection as reflected by reduced bacterial intestinal colonization, translocation, dissemination and systemic infections. Further, we found that LCS treated neonatal rats have higher intestinal expressions of Ki67, MUC2, ZO-1, IgA, mucin and lower barrier permeability than those in untreated rats. These results indicated that LCS could enhance neonatal resistance to systemic <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 infection via promoting maturation of neonatal intestinal defense. In conclusions, our findings suggested that LCS has a prophylactic effect against systemic <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 infection in neonates. Future studies aimed at identifying the specific active ingredients in LCS will be helpful in developing effective pharmacological strategies for preventing neonatal <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> K1 infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep43305","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,6]],"date-time":"2017-03-06T11:13:53Z","timestamp":1488798833000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG supernatant enhance neonatal resistance to systemic Escherichia coli K1 infection by accelerating development of intestinal defense"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Xiaolong","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Santhosh","family":"Puthiyakunnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhijie","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weijun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiawen","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Swapna","family":"Boddu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tongwei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Danxian","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheng-He","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep43305_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.10244","volume":"314","author":"BJ Stoll","year":"2015","unstructured":"Stoll, B. 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