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However, information on the events leading to the colonization and expression of virulence markers subject to interspecies and host-bacteria interactions are limited. The interference of acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs) with the hemolytic activity and viability of <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic> M6 S165 was examined. AHLs, with fatty acid side chains \u226512 carbon atoms, inhibited hemolytic activity by downregulating the expression of the <jats:italic>sag<\/jats:italic> operon involved in the production of streptolysin S. Inhibitory AHLs upregulated the expression of transcriptional regulator LuxR. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed the interaction of LuxR with the region upstream of <jats:italic>sagA<\/jats:italic>. AHL-mediated bactericidal activity observed at higher concentrations (mM range) was an energy-dependent process, constrained by the requirement of glucose and iron. Ferrichrome transporter FtsABCD facilitated transport of AHLs across the streptococcal membrane. The study demonstrates a previously unreported role for AHLs in <jats:italic>S. pyogenes<\/jats:italic> virulence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44902","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]],"date-time":"2017-03-17T10:55:12Z","timestamp":1489748112000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Inhibitory role of acyl homoserine lactones in hemolytic activity and viability of Streptococcus pyogenes M6 S165"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Sunil D.","family":"Saroj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda","family":"Holmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J\u00falia M.","family":"Berengueras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann-Beth","family":"Jonsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep44902_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"425","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-micro-091014-104209","volume":"69","author":"SJ Siegel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Siegel, S. 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