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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor \u03b2\/\u03b4 (PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4) has been implicated to modulate the vascular cells proliferation and vascular homeostasis. In the present study, we investigated the potential role of PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4 in VSMC phenotypic switch following SAH. Activation of PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4 by GW0742 and adenoviruses PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4 (Ad-PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4) significantly inhibited hemoglobin-induced VSMC phenotypic switch. However, the effects of PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4 on VSMC phenotypic switch were partly obstacled in the presence of LY294002, a potent inhibitor of Phosphatidyl-Inositol-3 Kinase-AKT (PI3K\/AKT). Furthermore, following study demonstrated that PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4-induced PI3K\/AKT activation can also contribute to Serum Response Factor (SRF) nucleus localization and Myocardin expression, which was highly associated with VSMC phenotypic switch. Finally, we found that Ad-PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4 positively modulated vascular remodeling in SAH rats, i.e. the diameter of basilar artery and the thickness of vessel wall. In addition, overexpression of PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4 by adenoviruses significantly improved neurological outcome. Taken together, this study identified PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4 as a useful regulator for VSMC phenotypic switch and vascular remodeling following SAH, providing novel insights into the therapeutic strategies of delayed cerebral ischemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45234","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]],"date-time":"2017-03-22T10:27:23Z","timestamp":1490178443000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["PPAR\u03b2\/\u03b4, a Novel Regulator for Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Phenotypic Modulation and Vascular Remodeling after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Hongrong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongduo","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjun","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingchuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junchi","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaohui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitao","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongjie","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaochuan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep45234_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2013.09.002","volume":"115","author":"S Chen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chen, S. et al. 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