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Using impression cytology followed by flow cytometry we identified two T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub> subsets and four recirculating T-subsets in the healthy human ocular surface. In dry eye disease, principal component analysis (PCA) revealed two clusters of patients with distinct T-cell signatures. Increased conjunctival central memory and na\u00efve T cells characterized Cluster-1 patients, and increased CD8<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> T<jats:sub>RM<\/jats:sub>s and CD4<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> recirculating memory T cells characterized Cluster-2 patients. Interestingly these T-cell signatures are associated with different clinical features: the first signature correlated with increased ocular redness, and the second with reduced tear break up times. These findings open the door to immune-based characterization of dry eye disease and T-subset specific immunotherapies to suppress T-subsets involved in disease. They may also help with patient stratification during clinical trials of immunomodulators.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,27]],"date-time":"2017-03-27T09:40:19Z","timestamp":1490607619000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Tissue resident memory T cells in the human conjunctiva and immune signatures in human dry eye disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Tanima","family":"Bose","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aihua","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Tong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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