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It was reported that CHA reduced serum hepatitis B virus level and death rate of influenza virus-infected mice. However, the underlying mechanisms of CHA against the influenza A virus have not been fully elucidated. Here, the antiviral effects and potential mechanisms of CHA against influenza A virus were investigated. CHA revealed inhibitory against A\/PuertoRico\/8\/1934(H1N1) (EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200944.87\u2009\u03bcM), A\/Beijing\/32\/92(H3N2) (EC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\u2009=\u200962.33\u2009\u03bcM), and oseltamivir-resistant strains. Time-course analysis showed CHA inhibited influenza virus during the late stage of infectious cycle. Indirect immunofluorescence assay indicated CHA down-regulated the NP protein expression. The inhibition of neuraminidase activity confirmed CHA blocked release of newly formed virus particles from infected cells. Intravenous injection of 100\u2009mg\/kg\/d CHA possessed effective antiviral activity in mice, conferring 60% and 50% protection from death against H1N1 and H3N2, reducing virus titres and alleviating inflammation in the lungs effectively. These results demonstrate that CHA acts as a neuraminidase blocker to inhibit influenza A virus both in cellular and animal models. Thus, CHA has potential utility in the treatment of the influenza virus infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep45723","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]],"date-time":"2017-04-10T10:08:13Z","timestamp":1491818893000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":168,"title":["Antiviral activity of chlorogenic acid against influenza A (H1N1\/H3N2) virus and its inhibition of neuraminidase"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Ding","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zeyu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gang","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenzhong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xiao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep45723_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2013.03.034","volume":"3","author":"Y Bar-On","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bar-On, Y. et al. 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