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We sought to clarify the diagnostic ability of ATX for liver fibrosis in 593 biopsy-confirmed hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected patients. The diagnostic accuracy of ATX was compared with clinical parameters and the established fibrosis biomarkers Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2-binding protein, FIB-4 index, AST-to-platelet ratio, and Forn\u2019s index. Median ATX levels were consistently higher in female controls and patients than in their male counterparts (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Serum ATX concentration increased significantly according to liver fibrosis stage in overall and both genders (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). The cutoff values of ATX for prediction of fibrosis stages \u2265F1, \u2265F2, \u2265F3, and F4 were 0.8, 1.1, 1.3, and 1.7\u2009mg\/L, respectively, in male patients and 0.9, 1.7, 1.8, and 2.0\u2009mg\/L, respectively, in female patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for ATX to diagnose fibrosis of \u2265F2 (0.861) in male patients was superior to those of FIB-4 index and Forn\u2019s index (P\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), while that in female patients (0.801) was comparable with those of the other markers. ATX therefore represents a novel non-invasive biomarker for liver fibrosis in HCV-infected patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep46705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]],"date-time":"2017-04-20T11:10:48Z","timestamp":1492686648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["Association of Serum Autotaxin Levels with Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Tomoo","family":"Yamazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satoru","family":"Joshita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeji","family":"Umemura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoko","family":"Usami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ayumi","family":"Sugiura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoyuki","family":"Fujimori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Soichiro","family":"Shibata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuki","family":"Ichikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michiharu","family":"Komatsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Matsumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Igarashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eiji","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep46705_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840120409","volume":"12","author":"K Kiyosawa","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kiyosawa, K. et al. 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