{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:22:06Z","timestamp":1791868926131,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]],"date-time":"2015-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427155200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]],"date-time":"2015-03-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1427155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Transl Psychiatry"],"DOI":"10.1038\/tp.2015.28","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]],"date-time":"2015-03-24T14:39:31Z","timestamp":1427207971000},"page":"e533-e533","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Increased functional connectivity in the resting-state basal ganglia network after acute heroin substitution"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"A","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Denier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Magon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E-W","family":"Radue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C G","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Riecher-Rossler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G A","family":"Wiesbeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U E","family":"Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Borgwardt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Walter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFtp201528_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1016\/S0959-4388(96)80079-1","volume":"6","author":"RA Wise","year":"1996","unstructured":"Wise RA . Neurobiology of addiction. Curr Opin Neurobiol 1996; 6: 243\u2013251.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2013.261","volume":"39","author":"RA Wise","year":"2014","unstructured":"Wise RA, Koob GF . The development and maintenance of drug addiction. Neuropsychopharmacology 2014; 39: 254\u2013262.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.54.101601.145237","volume":"54","author":"TE Robinson","year":"2003","unstructured":"Robinson TE, Berridge KC . Addiction. Annu Rev Psychol 2003; 54: 25\u201353.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.29.051605.113009","volume":"29","author":"SE Hyman","year":"2006","unstructured":"Hyman SE, Malenka RC, Nestler EJ . Neural mechanisms of addiction: the role of reward-related learning and memory. Annu Rev Neurosci 2006; 29: 565\u2013598.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.110","volume":"35","author":"GF Koob","year":"2010","unstructured":"Koob GF, Volkow ND . Neurocircuitry of addiction. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010; 35: 217\u2013238.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.mp.4001507","volume":"9","author":"ND Volkow","year":"2004","unstructured":"Volkow ND, Fowler JS, Wang GJ, Swanson JM . Dopamine in drug abuse and addiction: results from imaging studies and treatment implications. Mol Psychiatry 2004; 9: 557\u2013569.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3223(00)01038-6","volume":"49","author":"WC Drevets","year":"2001","unstructured":"Drevets WC, Gautier C, Price JC, Kupfer DJ, Kinahan PE, Grace AA et al. Amphetamine-induced dopamine release in human ventral striatum correlates with euphoria. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 49: 81\u201396.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)35115-8","volume":"291","author":"ND Volkow","year":"1999","unstructured":"Volkow ND, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Logan J, Gatley SJ, Wong C et al. Reinforcing effects of psychostimulants in humans are associated with increases in brain dopamine and occupancy of D(2) receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 1999; 291: 409\u2013415.","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0361-9230(83)90163-6","volume":"11","author":"LJ Holmes","year":"1983","unstructured":"Holmes LJ, Bozarth MA, Wise RA . Circling from intracranial morphine applied to the ventral tegmental area in rats. Brain Res Bull 1983; 11: 295\u2013298.","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(84)90048-4","volume":"11","author":"RT Matthews","year":"1984","unstructured":"Matthews RT, German DC . Electrophysiological evidence for excitation of rat ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons by morphine. Neuroscience 1984; 11: 617\u2013625.","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5274","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.85.14.5274","volume":"85","author":"G Di Chiara","year":"1988","unstructured":"Di Chiara G, Imperato A . Drugs abused by humans preferentially increase synaptic dopamine concentrations in the mesolimbic system of freely moving rats. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1988; 85: 5274\u20135278.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1881","DOI":"10.1016\/0024-3205(81)90519-1","volume":"29","author":"MA Bozarth","year":"1981","unstructured":"Bozarth MA, Wise RA . Heroin reward is dependent on a dopaminergic substrate. Life Sci 1981; 29: 1881\u20131886.","journal-title":"Life Sci"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3321","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.22-09-03321.2002","volume":"22","author":"TJ De Vries","year":"2002","unstructured":"De Vries TJ, Shippenberg TS . Neural systems underlying opiate addiction. J Neurosci 2002; 22: 3321\u20133325.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1002\/ar.22457","volume":"295","author":"H Hou","year":"2012","unstructured":"Hou H, Tian M, Zhang H . Positron emission tomography molecular imaging of dopaminergic system in drug addiction. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2012; 295: 722\u2013733.","journal-title":"Anat Rec (Hoboken)"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2004.05.005","volume":"14","author":"C Contet","year":"2004","unstructured":"Contet C, Kieffer BL, Befort K . Mu opioid receptor: a gateway to drug addiction. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2004; 14: 370\u2013378.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4734","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0911855107","volume":"107","author":"BB Biswal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Biswal BB, Mennes M, Zuo XN, Gohel S, Kelly C, Smith SM et al. Toward discovery science of human brain function. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2010; 107: 4734\u20134739.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9673","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0504136102","volume":"102","author":"MD Fox","year":"2005","unstructured":"Fox MD, Snyder AZ, Vincent JL, Corbetta M, Van Essen DC, Raichle ME . The human brain is intrinsically organized into dynamic, anticorrelated functional networks. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2005; 102: 9673\u20139678.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13040","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0905267106","volume":"106","author":"SM Smith","year":"2009","unstructured":"Smith SM, Fox PT, Miller KL, Glahn DC, Fox PM, Mackay CE et al. Correspondence of the brain's functional architecture during activation and rest. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106: 13040\u201313045.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2005.1634","volume":"360","author":"CF Beckmann","year":"2005","unstructured":"Beckmann CF, DeLuca M, Devlin JT, Smith SM . Investigations into resting-state connectivity using independent component analysis. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2005; 360: 1001\u20131013.","journal-title":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2784","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr354","volume":"22","author":"DM Cole","year":"2012","unstructured":"Cole DM, Beckmann CF, Searle GE, Plisson C, Tziortzi AC, Nichols TE et al. Orbitofrontal connectivity with resting-state networks is associated with midbrain dopamine D3 receptor availability. Cereb Cortex 2012; 22: 2784\u20132793.","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e44428","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0044428","volume":"7","author":"MN Moussa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Moussa MN, Steen MR, Laurienti PJ, Hayasaka S . Consistency of network modules in resting-state FMRI connectome data. PLoS One 2012; 7: e44428.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2009.93","volume":"35","author":"SR Sesack","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sesack SR, Grace AA . Cortico-basal ganglia reward network: microcircuitry. Neuropsychopharmacology 2010; 35: 27\u201347.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2012.02.020","volume":"125","author":"AC Janes","year":"2012","unstructured":"Janes AC, Nickerson LD, Frederick BEB, Kaufman MJ . Prefrontal and limbic resting state brain network functional connectivity differs between nicotine-dependent smokers and non-smoking controls. Drug Alcohol Depend 2012; 125: 252\u2013259.","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e71461","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0071461","volume":"8","author":"N Denier","year":"2013","unstructured":"Denier N, Gerber H, Vogel M, Klarh\u00f6fer M, Riecher-Rossler A, Wiesbeck GA et al. Reduction in cerebral perfusion after heroin administration: a resting state arterial spin labeling study. PLoS One 2013; 8: e71461.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1521-0391.2013.12025.x","volume":"22","author":"J Blum","year":"2013","unstructured":"Blum J, Gerber H, Gerhard U, Schmid O, Petitjean S, Riecher-R\u00f6ssler A et al. Acute effects of heroin on emotions in heroin-dependent patients. Am J Addict 2013; 22: 598\u2013604.","journal-title":"Am J Addict"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2048","DOI":"10.1126\/science.276.5321.2048","volume":"276","author":"G Tanda","year":"1997","unstructured":"Tanda G, Pontieri FE, Di Chiara G . Cannabinoid and heroin activation of mesolimbic dopamine transmission by a common mu1 opioid receptor mechanism. Science 1997; 276: 2048\u20132050.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e24865","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0024865","volume":"6","author":"T Nakagawa","year":"2011","unstructured":"Nakagawa T, Suzuki Y, Nagayasu K, Kitaichi M, Shirakawa H, Kaneko S . Repeated exposure to methamphetamine, cocaine or morphine induces augmentation of dopamine release in rat mesocorticolimbic slice co-cultures. PLoS One 2011; 6: e24865.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0893-133X(01)00333-5","volume":"26","author":"G Porras","year":"2002","unstructured":"Porras G, Di Matteo V, Fracasso C, Lucas G, De Deurwaerd\u00e8re P, Caccia S et al. 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C\/2B receptor subtypes modulate dopamine release induced in vivo by amphetamine and morphine in both the rat nucleus accumbens and striatum. Neuropsychopharmacology 2002; 26: 311\u2013324.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/S0376-8716(99)00036-8","volume":"57","author":"R Stohler","year":"1999","unstructured":"Stohler R, D\u00fcrsteler KM, St\u00f6rmer R, Seifritz E, Hug I, Sattler-Mayr J et al. Rapid cortical hemoglobin deoxygenation after heroin and methadone injection in humans: a preliminary report. Drug Alcohol Depend 1999; 57: 23\u201328.","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Walter M, Denier N, Gerber H, Schmid O, Lanz C, Brenneisen R et al. Orbitofrontal response to drug-related stimuli after heroin administration. Addict Biol 2014 doi: 10.1111\/adb.12145.","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12145"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2663","DOI":"10.1081\/JLC-100102050","volume":"22","author":"D Bourquin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Bourquin D, Bundeli P, Lehmann T, Brenneisen R . Diacetylmorphine and its metabolites in plasma by HPLC with diode-array and atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometric detection. J Liq Chrom Rel Technol 1999; 22: 2663\u20132674.","journal-title":"J Liq Chrom Rel Technol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.2002.1132","volume":"17","author":"M Jenkinson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jenkinson M, Bannister P, Brady M, Smith S . Improved optimization for the robust and accurate linear registration and motion correction of brain images. Neuroimage 2002; 17: 825\u2013841.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.10062","volume":"17","author":"SM Smith","year":"2002","unstructured":"Smith SM . Fast robust automated brain extraction. Hum Brain Mapp 2002; 17: 143\u2013155.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13848","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0601417103","volume":"103","author":"JS Damoiseaux","year":"2006","unstructured":"Damoiseaux JS, Rombouts SA, Barkhof F, Scheltens P, Stam CJ, Smith SM et al. Consistent resting-state networks across healthy subjects. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2006; 103: 13848\u201313853.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7209","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0811879106","volume":"106","author":"N Filippini","year":"2009","unstructured":"Filippini N, MacIntosh BJ, Hough MG, Goodwin GM, Frisoni GB, Smith SM et al. Distinct patterns of brain activity in young carriers of the APOE-epsilon4 allele. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106: 7209\u20137214.","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.1058","volume":"15","author":"TE Nichols","year":"2002","unstructured":"Nichols TE, Holmes AP . Nonparametric permutation tests for functional neuroimaging: a primer with examples. Hum Brain Mapp 2002; 15: 1\u201325.","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.03.061","volume":"44","author":"SM Smith","year":"2009","unstructured":"Smith SM, Nichols TE . Threshold-free cluster enhancement: addressing problems of smoothing, threshold dependence and localisation in cluster inference. Neuroimage 2009; 44: 83\u201398.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awu326","volume":"138","author":"A Schmidt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schmidt A, Walter M, Gerber H, Seifritz E, Brenneisen R, Wiesbeck GA et al. Normalizing effect of heroin maintenance treatment on stress-induced brain connectivity. Brain 2014; 138: 217\u2013228.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1093\/jat\/21.2.105","volume":"21","author":"G Skopp","year":"1997","unstructured":"Skopp G, Ganssmann B, Cone EJ, Aderjan R . Plasma concentrations of heroin and morphine-related metabolites after intranasal and intramuscular administration. J Anal Toxicol 1997; 21: 105\u2013111.","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2010.04.032","volume":"477","author":"K Yuan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yuan K, Qin W, Liu J, Guo Q, Dong M, Sun J et al. Altered small-world brain functional networks and duration of heroin use in male abstinent heroin-dependent individuals. Neurosci Lett 2010; 477: 37\u201342.","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.40.020189.001203","volume":"40","author":"RA Wise","year":"1989","unstructured":"Wise RA, Rompre PP . Brain dopamine and reward. Annu Rev Psychol 1989; 40: 191\u2013225.","journal-title":"Annu Rev Psychol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2441","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1301379","volume":"32","author":"JE Rose","year":"2007","unstructured":"Rose JE, Behm FM, Salley AN, Bates JE, Coleman RE, Hawk TC et al. Regional brain activity correlates of nicotine dependence. Neuropsychopharmacology 2007; 32: 2441\u20132452.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.155.4.470","volume":"155","author":"TE Schlaepfer","year":"1998","unstructured":"Schlaepfer TE, Strain EC, Greenberg BD, Preston KL, Lancaster E, Bigelow GE et al. Site of opioid action in the human brain: mu and kappa agonists' subjective and cerebral blood flow effects. Am J Psychiatry 1998; 155: 470\u2013473.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)81056-9","volume":"25","author":"JD Berke","year":"2000","unstructured":"Berke JD, Hyman SE . Addiction, dopamine, and the molecular mechanisms of memory. Neuron 2000; 25: 515\u2013532.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2439","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-07-02439.1992","volume":"12","author":"EJ Nestler","year":"1992","unstructured":"Nestler EJ . Molecular mechanisms of drug addiction. J Neurosci 1992; 12: 2439\u20132450.","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1038\/287152a0","volume":"287","author":"JE Smith","year":"1980","unstructured":"Smith JE, Co C, Freeman ME, Sands MP, Lane JD . Neurotransmitter turnover in rat striatum is correlated with morphine self-administration. Nature 1980; 287: 152\u2013154.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1080\/13556210500222456","volume":"10","author":"SW Jia","year":"2005","unstructured":"Jia SW, Wang W, Liu Y, Wu ZM . Neuroimaging studies of brain corpus striatum changes among heroin-dependent patients treated with herbal medicine, U'finer capsule. Addict Biol 2005; 10: 293\u2013297.","journal-title":"Addict Biol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2007.11.002","volume":"18","author":"F Zijlstra","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zijlstra F, Booij J, van den Brink W, Franken IH . Striatal dopamine D2 receptor binding and dopamine release during cue-elicited craving in recently abstinent opiate-dependent males. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2008; 18: 262\u2013270.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2011.08.024","volume":"71","author":"D Martinez","year":"2012","unstructured":"Martinez D, Saccone PA, Liu F, Slifstein M, Orlowska D, Grassetti A et al. Deficits in dopamine D(2) receptors and presynaptic dopamine in heroin dependence: commonalities and differences with other types of addiction. Biol Psychiatry 2012; 71: 192\u2013198.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.10.019","volume":"76","author":"A Schmidt","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schmidt A, Borgwardt S, Gerber H, Wiesbeck GA, Schmid O, Riecher-R\u00f6ssler A et al. Acute effects of heroin on negative emotional processing: relation of amygdala activity and stress-related responses. Biol Psychiatry 2013; 76: 289\u2013296.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/S0074-7742(05)63005-X","volume":"63","author":"M Melis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Melis M, Spiga S, Diana M . The dopamine hypothesis of drug addiction: hypodopaminergic state. Int Rev Neurobiol 2005; 63: 101\u2013154.","journal-title":"Int Rev Neurobiol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2098","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awq138","volume":"133","author":"J Upadhyay","year":"2010","unstructured":"Upadhyay J, Maleki N, Potter J, Elman I, Rudrauf D, Knudsen J et al. Alterations in brain structure and functional connectivity in prescription opioid-dependent patients. Brain 2010; 133: 2098\u20132114.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3387","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI60390","volume":"122","author":"MJ Kreek","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kreek MJ, Levran O, Reed B, Schlussman SD, Zhou Y, Butelman ER . Opiate addiction and cocaine addiction: underlying molecular neurobiology and genetics. J Clin Invest 2012; 122: 3387\u20133393.","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR54","first-page":"232","volume":"1","author":"MJ Kreek","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kreek MJ . Opiates, opioids and addiction. Mol Psychiatry 1996; 1: 232\u2013254.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.107.041228","volume":"193","author":"MR Daglish","year":"2008","unstructured":"Daglish MR, Williams TM, Wilson SJ, Taylor LG, Eap CB, Augsburger M et al. Brain dopamine response in human opioid addiction. Br J Psychiatry 2008; 193: 65\u201372.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pscychresns.2010.08.001","volume":"184","author":"KP Cosgrove","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cosgrove KP, Tellez-Jacques K, Pittman B, Petrakis I, Baldwin RM, Tamagnan G et al. Dopamine and serotonin transporter availability in chronic heroin users: a [\u00b923I]\u03b2-CIT SPECT imaging study. Psychiatry Res 2010; 184: 192\u2013195.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Res"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"278","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2007.11.007","volume":"18","author":"M Kosel","year":"2008","unstructured":"Kosel M, Noss RS, H\u00e4mmig R, Wielepp P, Bundeli P, Heidbreder R et al. Cerebral blood flow effects of acute intravenous heroin administration. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2008; 18: 278\u2013285.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1032","DOI":"10.1111\/adb.12073","volume":"19","author":"BJ Watson","year":"2013","unstructured":"Watson BJ, Taylor LG, Reid AG, Wilson SJ, Stokes PR, Brooks DJ et al. Investigating expectation and reward in human opioid addiction with [(11) C]raclopride PET. Addict Biol 2013; 19: 1032\u20131040.","journal-title":"Addict Biol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-6147(92)90060-J","volume":"13","author":"GF Koob","year":"1992","unstructured":"Koob GF . Drugs of abuse: anatomy, pharmacology and function of reward pathways. Trends Pharmacol Sci 1992; 13: 177\u2013184.","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1578","volume":"8","author":"EJ Nestler","year":"2005","unstructured":"Nestler EJ . Is there a common molecular pathway for addiction? Nat Neurosci 2005; 8: 1445\u20131449.","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2006.10.006","volume":"17","author":"M Le Moal","year":"2007","unstructured":"Le Moal M, Koob GF . Drug addiction: pathways to the disease and pathophysiological perspectives. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2007; 17: 377\u2013393.","journal-title":"Eur Neuropsychopharmacol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04172","volume":"438","author":"TS Hnasko","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hnasko TS, Sotak BN, Palmiter RD . Morphine reward in dopamine-deficient mice. Nature 2005; 438: 854\u2013857.","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR63","first-page":"1582","volume":"123","author":"W Wang","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wang W, Wang YR, Qin W, Yuan K, Tian J, Li Q et al. Changes in functional connectivity of ventral anterior cingulate cortex in heroin abusers. Chin Med J (Engl) 2010; 123: 1582\u20131588.","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyt.2013.00067","volume":"4","author":"J Bourque","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bourque J, Mendrek A, Dinh-Williams L, Potvin S . Neural circuitry of impulsivity in a cigarette craving paradigm. Front Psychiatry 2013; 4: 67.","journal-title":"Front Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2011.30","volume":"16","author":"ND Volkow","year":"2011","unstructured":"Volkow ND, Tomasi D, Wang GJ, Fowler JS, Telang F, Goldstein RZ et al. Positive emotionality is associated with baseline metabolism in orbitofrontal cortex and in regions of the default network. Mol Psychiatry 2011; 16: 818\u2013825.","journal-title":"Mol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e73531","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0073531","volume":"8","author":"K Albrecht","year":"2013","unstructured":"Albrecht K, Volz KG, Sutter M, von Cramon DY . What do I want and when do I want it: brain correlates of decisions made for self and other. PLoS One 2013; 8: e73531.","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"366","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tips.2004.05.009","volume":"25","author":"G Honey","year":"2004","unstructured":"Honey G, Bullmore E . Human pharmacological MRI. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2004; 25: 366\u2013374.","journal-title":"Trends Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.09.044","volume":"65","author":"N Khalili-Mahani","year":"2013","unstructured":"Khalili-Mahani N, Chang C, van Osch MJ, Veer IM, van Buchem MA, Dahan A et al. The impact of \u2018physiological correction\u2019 on functional connectivity analysis of pharmacological resting state fMRI. Neuroimage 2013; 65: 499\u2013510.","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2013.03.011","volume":"23","author":"GF Koob","year":"2013","unstructured":"Koob GF . Negative reinforcement in drug addiction: the darkness within. Curr Opin Neurobiol 2013; 23: 559\u2013563.","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2007.05030503","volume":"164","author":"G Koob","year":"2007","unstructured":"Koob G, Kreek MJ . Stress, dysregulation of drug reward pathways, and the transition to drug dependence. Am J Psychiatry 2007; 164: 1149\u20131159.","journal-title":"Am J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2013.10.019","volume":"76","author":"A Schmidt","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schmidt A, Borgwardt S, Gerber H, Wiesbeck GA, Schmid O, Riecher-R\u00f6ssler A et al. Acute effects of heroin on negative emotional processing: relation of amygdala activity and stress-related responses. Biol Psychiatry 2014; 76: 289\u2013296.","journal-title":"Biol Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.327.7410.310","volume":"327","author":"W van den Brink","year":"2003","unstructured":"van den Brink W, Hendriks VM, Blanken P, Koeter MW, van Zwieten BJ, van Ree JM . Medical prescription of heroin to treatment resistant heroin addicts: two randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2003; 327: 310.","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.106.026112","volume":"191","author":"C Haasen","year":"2007","unstructured":"Haasen C, Verthein U, Degkwitz P, Berger J, Krausz M, Naber D . Heroin-assisted treatment for opioid dependence: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2007; 191: 55\u201362.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0810635","volume":"361","author":"E Oviedo-Joekes","year":"2009","unstructured":"Oviedo-Joekes E, Brissette S, Marsh DC, Lauzon P, Guh D, Anis A et al. Diacetylmorphine versus methadone for the treatment of opioid addiction. N Engl J Med 2009; 361: 777\u2013786.","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"300","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02754.x","volume":"105","author":"P Blanken","year":"2010","unstructured":"Blanken P, Hendriks VM, van Ree JM, van den Brink W . Outcome of long-term heroin-assisted treatment offered to chronic, treatment-resistant heroin addicts in the Netherlands. Addiction 2010; 105: 300\u2013308.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"BFtp201528_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.bp.111.103234","volume":"200","author":"S Borgwardt","year":"2012","unstructured":"Borgwardt S, Fusar-Poli P . Third-generation neuroimaging in early schizophrenia: translating research evidence into clinical utility. Br J Psychiatry 2012; 200: 270\u2013272.","journal-title":"Br J Psychiatry"}],"container-title":["Translational Psychiatry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/tp201528.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/tp201528","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/tp201528.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T14:24:11Z","timestamp":1747837451000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/tp201528"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]]},"references-count":76,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["BFtp201528"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/tp.2015.28","relation":{},"ISSN":["2158-3188"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2158-3188","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 November 2014","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 January 2015","order":2,"name":"revised","label":"Revised","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 January 2015","order":3,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"24 March 2015","order":4,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflict of interest.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}