{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T13:34:48Z","timestamp":1791120888054,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"6293","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,1]],"date-time":"1990-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":654739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,1]],"date-time":"1990-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":654739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,11]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/347539a0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,6,12]],"date-time":"2003-06-12T18:53:47Z","timestamp":1055444027000},"page":"539-541","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10584,"title":["Light-emitting diodes based on conjugated polymers"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"347","author":[{"given":"J. H.","family":"Burroughes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D. D. C.","family":"Bradley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. R.","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. N.","family":"Marks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Mackay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. H.","family":"Friend","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. L.","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. B.","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"BF347539a0_CR1","first-page":"476","volume":"94","author":"PS Vincent","year":"1982","unstructured":"Vincent, P. S., Barlow, W. A., Hann, R. A. & Roberts, G. G. Thin Solid Films 94, 476\u2013488 (1982).","journal-title":"Thin Solid Films"},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1063\/1.98799","volume":"51","author":"CW Tang","year":"1987","unstructured":"Tang, C. W. & VanSlyke, S. A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 51, 913\u2013915 (1987).","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3610","DOI":"10.1063\/1.343409","volume":"65","author":"CW Tang","year":"1989","unstructured":"Tang, C. W., VanSlyke, S. A. & Chen, C. H. J. appl. Phys. 65, 3610\u20133616 (1989).","journal-title":"J. appl. Phys."},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.7567\/JJAPS.27S1.183","volume":"27","author":"C Adachi","year":"1988","unstructured":"Adachi, C., Tokito, S., Tsutsui, T. & Saito, S. Jap. J. appl. Phys. 27, 59\u201361 (1988).","journal-title":"Jap. J. appl. Phys."},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1489","DOI":"10.1063\/1.101586","volume":"55","author":"C Adachi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Adachi, C., Tsutsui, T. & Saito, S. Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 1489\u20131491 (1989).","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1063\/1.103177","volume":"56","author":"C Adachi","year":"1989","unstructured":"Adachi, C., Tsutsui, T. & Saito, S. Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 799\u2013801 (1989).","journal-title":"Appl. Phys. Lett."},{"issue":"2","key":"BF347539a0_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1246\/cl.1990.189","volume":"19","author":"Masao Nohara","year":"1990","unstructured":"Nohara, M., Hasegawa, M., Hosohawa, C., Tokailin, H. & Kusomoto, T. Chem. Lett. 189\u2013190 (1990).","journal-title":"Chemistry Letters"},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1038\/327403a0","volume":"327","author":"N Basescu","year":"1987","unstructured":"Basescu, N. et al. Nature 327, 403\u2013405 (1987).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR9","first-page":"1367","volume":"20","author":"RH Friend","year":"1987","unstructured":"Friend, R. H., Bradley, D. D. C. & Townsend, P. D. J. Phys. D20, 1367\u20131384 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Phys."},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR10","first-page":"3671","volume":"1","author":"DDC Bradley","year":"1989","unstructured":"Bradley, D. D. C. & Friend, R. H. J. Phys.: Condensed Matter 1, 3671\u20133678 (1989).","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condensed Matter"},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR11","first-page":"1389","volume":"20","author":"DDC Bradley","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bradley, D. D. C. J. Phys. D20, 1389\u20131410 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Phys."},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/0379-6779(87)90812-5","volume":"17","author":"I Murase","year":"1987","unstructured":"Murase, I., Ohnishi, T., Noguchi, T. & Hirooka, M. Synthetic Metals 17, 639\u2013644 (1987).","journal-title":"Synthetic Metals"},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/0032-3861(89)90077-3","volume":"30","author":"JD Stenger-Smith","year":"1989","unstructured":"Stenger-Smith, J. D., Lenz, R. W. & Wegner, G. Polymer 30, 1048\u20131053 (1989).","journal-title":"Polymer"},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR14","first-page":"6207","volume":"2","author":"JR Bellingham","year":"1990","unstructured":"Bellingham, J. R., Phillips, W. A. & Adkins, C. J. J. Phys.: Condensed Matter 2, 6207\u20136221 (1990).","journal-title":"J. Phys.: Condensed Matter"},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4804","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevB.27.4804","volume":"27","author":"K Fesser","year":"1983","unstructured":"Fesser, K., Bishop, A. R. & Campbell, D. K. Phys. Rev. B27, 4804\u20134825 (1983).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev."},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR16","first-page":"4","volume":"33","author":"SA Brazovskii","year":"1981","unstructured":"Brazovskii, S. A. & Kirova, N. N. JEPT Lett. 33, 4\u20138 (1981).","journal-title":"JEPT Lett."},{"key":"BF347539a0_CR17","first-page":"107","volume":"76","author":"DDC Bradley","year":"1987","unstructured":"Bradley, D. D. C. et al. Springer Ser. Solid St. Sci. 76, 107\u2013112 (1987).","journal-title":"Springer Ser. Solid St. Sci."}],"updated-by":[{"DOI":"10.1038\/348352a0","type":"correction","label":"Correction","source":"publisher","updated":{"date-parts":[[1990,11,22]],"date-time":"1990-11-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":659232000000}}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/347539a0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/347539a0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/347539a0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,27]],"date-time":"2021-08-27T10:14:15Z","timestamp":1630059255000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/347539a0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,1]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6293","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,11]]}},"alternative-id":["BF347539a0"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/347539a0","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1990,10,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 August 1990","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"18 September 1990","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 October 1990","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}