{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T04:31:38Z","timestamp":1762144298799},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,2,1]],"date-time":"1995-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":791596800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nat Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/nm0295-168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,19]],"date-time":"2004-08-19T01:06:08Z","timestamp":1092877568000},"page":"168-172","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Regional changes of ciliary neurotrophic factor and nerve growth factor levels in post mortem spinal cord and cerebral cortex from patients with motor disease"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Anand","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Parrett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Zeman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Foley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Swash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.N.","family":"Leigh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.M.","family":"Cedarbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.M.","family":"Lindsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.E.","family":"Williams-Chestnut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.V.","family":"Sinicropi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","reference":[{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410180302","volume":"18","author":"R Tandan","year":"1985","unstructured":"Tandan, R., & Bradley, W.G Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Clinical features, pathology and ethical issues in management. Ann. Neurol. 18 271\u2013280 (1985).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR2","first-page":"61","volume":"36","author":"J Hughes","year":"1982","unstructured":"Hughes, J Pathology of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Adv. Neurol. 36 61\u201373 (1982).","journal-title":"Adv. Neurol."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1038\/362059a0","volume":"362","author":"DR Rosen","year":"1993","unstructured":"Rosen, D.R. et al. Mutations in Cu\/Zn superoxide dismutase gene are associated with familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Nature 362 59\u201362 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR4","first-page":"443","volume-title":"Ciliary neu-ronotrophic factor","author":"M Manthorpe","year":"1993","unstructured":"Manthorpe, M., Louis, J.-C., Hagg, T. & Varon, S. Ciliary neu-ronotrophic factor. In: Neurotrophic Factors (eds Loughlin S.E. & Fallen J.H.) 443\u2013474, (Academic Press, San Diego, 1993)."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(93)90245-M","volume":"10","author":"NY Ip","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ip, N.Y. et al. The alpha component of the CNTF receptor is required for signalling and defines potential CNTF targets in the adult and during development. Neuron 10 89\u2013102 (1993).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8066451","volume":"265","author":"H Mitsumoto","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mitsumoto, H. et al. Arrest of motor neuron disease in wobbler mice cotreated with CNTF and BDNF. Science 265 1107\u20131110 (1994).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1038\/345440a0","volume":"345","author":"M Sendtner","year":"1990","unstructured":"Sendtner, M., Kreutzberg, G.W., Thoenen, H. Ciliary neurotrophic factor prevents the degeneration of motor neurons after axotomy. Nature 345 440\u2013441 (1990).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1616","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2011743","volume":"251","author":"RW Oppenheim","year":"1991","unstructured":"Oppenheim, R.W., Prevette, D., Qin-Wei, Y., Collins, F., & MacDonald, J. Control of embryonic motor neuron survival in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor. Science 251 1616\u20131618 (1991).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/358502a0","volume":"358","author":"M Sendtner","year":"1992","unstructured":"Sendtner, M. et al. neurotrophic factor prevents degeneration of motor neurons in mouse mutant progressive motor neuronopathy. Nature 358 502\u2013504 (1992).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410360205","volume":"36","author":"H Mitsumoto","year":"1994","unstructured":"Mitsumoto, H. et al. The effects of ciliary neurotrophic factor on motor dysfunction in wobbler mouse motor neuron disease. Ann. Neurol 36 142\u2013148 (1994).","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(94)90113-9","volume":"76","author":"ME Helgren","year":"1994","unstructured":"Helgren, M.E. et al. Trophic effect of ciliary neurotrophic factor on den-ervated muscle. Cell 76 493\u2013504 (1994).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3241","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.12-08-03241.1992","volume":"12","author":"ME Gurney","year":"1992","unstructured":"Gurney, M.E., Yamamoto, H., & Kwon, Y. Induction of motor neuron sprouting in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. J. Neurosci. 12 3241\u20133247 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/365253a0","volume":"365","author":"R Curtis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Curtis, R. et al. Retrograde axonal transport of ciliary neurotrophic factor is increased by peripheral nerve injury. Nature 365 253\u2013255 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1993.tb00201.x","volume":"5","author":"NY Ip","year":"1993","unstructured":"Ip, N.Y., Wiegand, S.J., Morse, J., Rudge, J.S Injury-induced regulation of CNTF mRNA in the adult rat brain. Eur. J. Neurosci. 5 25\u201333 (1993).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1038\/365027a0","volume":"365","author":"Y Masu","year":"1993","unstructured":"Masu, Y. et al. Disruption of the CNTF gene results in motor neuron degeneration. Nature 365 27\u201332 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0594-79","volume":"7","author":"R Takahashi","year":"1994","unstructured":"Takahashi, R. et al. A null mutation in the human CNTF gene is not causally related to neurological diseases. Nature Genet 7 79\u201384 (1994).","journal-title":"Nature Genet"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.25.8.781","volume":"25","author":"PJ Dyck","year":"1975","unstructured":"Dyck, P.J., Stevens, J.C., Mulder, D.W., & Espinosa, R.E. Frequency of nerve fibre degeneration of peripheral motor and sensory neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neurology 25 781\u2013785 (1975).","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00838169","volume":"240","author":"R Gregory","year":"1993","unstructured":"Gregory, R., Mills, K., Donaghy, & M. Progressive sensory dysfunction in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J. Neurol. 240 309\u2013314 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR19","first-page":"889","volume":"33","author":"E Fernandez","year":"1993","unstructured":"Fernandez, E. et al. Spinal cord transection in adult rats: Effect of local infusion of nerve growth factor on the corticospinal tract axons. Neuro-surgery 33 889\u2013893 (1993).","journal-title":"Neuro-surgery"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"785","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.51.6.785","volume":"51","author":"M Swash","year":"1988","unstructured":"Swash, M., Scholtz, C.L., Vowles, G., & Ingram, D. Selective and asymmetric vulnerability of corticospinal and spinocerebellar tracts in motor neuron disease. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 51 785\u2013789 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurpsyc.1941.02280240094006","volume":"46","author":"CD Davidson","year":"1941","unstructured":"Davidson, C.D. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Origin and extent of the upper motor neuron lesion. Arch. Neurol. 46 1039\u20131056 (1941).","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1038\/342920a0","volume":"342","author":"KA Stockli","year":"1989","unstructured":"Stockli, K.A. et al. Molecular cloning, expression and regional distribution of rat ciliary neurotrophic factor. Nature 342 920\u2013923 (1989).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.440050105","volume":"5","author":"M Rende","year":"1992","unstructured":"Rende, M. et al. Immunolocalisation of ciliary neuronotrophic factor in adult rat sciatic nerve. Glia 5 25\u201332 (1992).","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"447","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.115.2.447","volume":"115","author":"KA Stockli","year":"1991","unstructured":"Stockli, K.A. et al. Regional distribution, developmental changes, and cellular localisation of CNTF-mRNA and protein in the rat brain. Cell Biol. 115 447\u2013459 (1991).","journal-title":"Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(92)90168-D","volume":"9","author":"B Friedmann","year":"1992","unstructured":"Friedmann, B. et al. Regulation of ciliary neurotrophic factor expression in myelin-related Schwann cells in vivo . Neuron 9 295\u2013305 (1992).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1623","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.104.6.1623","volume":"104","author":"R Heumann","year":"1987","unstructured":"Heumann, R., Korsching, S., Bandtlow, C., Thoenen, H. Changes of nerve growth factor synthesis in non-neuronal cells in response to sciatic nerve transection. J. Cell Biol. 104 1623\u20131631 (1987).","journal-title":"J. Cell Biol."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(91)90199-6","volume":"554","author":"C Bakhit","year":"1991","unstructured":"Bakhit, C., Armanini, M., Wong, W.L., Bennett, G.L., & Wrathall, J.R. Increase in nerve growth factor-like immunoreactivity and decrease in choline acetyltransferase following contusive spinal cord injury. Brain Res. 554 264\u2013271 (1991).","journal-title":"Brain Res."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.1992.tb10108.x","volume":"59","author":"CA Altar","year":"1992","unstructured":"Altar, C.A. et al. Recovery of cholinergic phenotype in the injured rat neostriatum: Role for endogenous and exogenous nerve growth factor. J. Neurochem. 59 2167\u20132177 (1992).","journal-title":"J. Neurochem."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3940(89)90425-4","volume":"98","author":"H Lorez","year":"1989","unstructured":"Lorez, H., Keller, F., Ruess, G., & Otten, U. Nerve growth factor increases in adult rat brain after hypoxic injury. Neurosci Lett. 98 339\u2013344 (1989).","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1097\/00001756-199306000-00046","volume":"4","author":"E Magal","year":"1993","unstructured":"Magal, E., Louis, J.C., Oudega, M., & Varon, S. CNTF promotes the survival of neonatal rat corticospinal neurons in vitro . Neuroreport 4 779\u2013782 (1993).","journal-title":"Neuroreport"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1038\/305143a0","volume":"305","author":"P Anand","year":"1983","unstructured":"Anand, P. et al. A VIP containing system concentrated in the lum-bosacral region of human spinal cord. Nature 305 143\u2013145 (1983).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.54.11.984","volume":"54","author":"S Malessa","year":"1991","unstructured":"Malessa, S., Leigh, P.N., Bertel, O., Sluga, E., & Hornykiewicz, O Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Glutamate dehydrogenase and transmitter amino acids in the spinal cord. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat. 54 984\u2013988 (1991).","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiat."},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ikeda, K. et al. Effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor on motor dysfunction in wobbler mouse motor neuron disease. Ann. Neurol, in the press.","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410370413"},{"key":"BFnm0295168_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"466","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.1993.tb00513.x","volume":"5","author":"Wong","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wong, V, Arriaga, R, Ip, N.Y., Lindsay, R.M. The neurotrophins BDNF, NT-3 and NT-4\/5, but not NGF, up-regulate the cholinergic phenotype of developing motor neurons. Eur. J. Neurosci. 5 466\u2013474 (1993).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."}],"container-title":["Nature Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0295-168","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0295-168.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0295-168.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,18]],"date-time":"2023-05-18T23:35:16Z","timestamp":1684452916000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/nm0295-168"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}},"alternative-id":["BFnm0295168"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nm0295-168","relation":{},"ISSN":["1078-8956","1546-170X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1078-8956","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-170X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,2]]}}}