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A polygenic hazard score (PHS\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    ) is associated with age at prostate cancer diagnosis and improves screening accuracy in Europeans. Here, we evaluate performance of PHS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    (PHS\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    , adapted for OncoArray) in a multi-ethnic dataset of 80,491 men (49,916 cases, 30,575 controls). PHS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    is associated with age at diagnosis of any and aggressive (Gleason score\u2009\u2265\u20097, stage T3-T4, PSA\u2009\u2265\u200910\u2009ng\/mL, or nodal\/distant metastasis) cancer and prostate-cancer-specific death. Associations with cancer are significant within European (n\u2009=\u200971,856), Asian (n\u2009=\u20092,382), and African (n\u2009=\u20096,253) genetic ancestries (p\u2009&lt;\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212180<\/jats:sup>\n                    ). Comparing the 80\n                    <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                    \/20\n                    <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                    PHS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    percentiles, hazard ratios for prostate cancer, aggressive cancer, and prostate-cancer-specific death are 5.32, 5.88, and 5.68, respectively. Within European, Asian, and African ancestries, hazard ratios for prostate cancer are: 5.54, 4.49, and 2.54, respectively. PHS\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    risk-stratifies men for any, aggressive, and fatal prostate cancer in a multi-ethnic dataset.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-21287-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T06:14:21Z","timestamp":1614060861000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["Polygenic hazard score is associated with prostate cancer in multi-ethnic populations"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5025-4709","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minh-Phuong","family":"Huynh-Le","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9437-2128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun Chieh","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Roshan","family":"Karunamuni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Wesley K.","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria Elena","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3698-6241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosalind A.","family":"Eeles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zsofia","family":"Kote-Jarai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6429-988X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth","family":"Muir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1863-0305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna","family":"Schleutker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0843-2468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nora","family":"Pashayan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4646-6247","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jyotsna","family":"Batra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1073-2753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrik","family":"Gr\u00f6nberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jenny L.","family":"Donovan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Freddie C.","family":"Hamdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7992-7719","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard M.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sune F.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1954-7220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B\u00f8rge G.","family":"Nordestgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4623-0544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fredrik","family":"Wiklund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Catherine M.","family":"Tangen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4946-9099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Graham G.","family":"Giles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7387-6845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alicja","family":"Wolk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Demetrius","family":"Albanes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9571-0763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruth C.","family":"Travis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Blot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1226-070X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maureen","family":"Sanderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Janet L.","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lorelei A.","family":"Mucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0839-3449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catharine M. 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Dale and T.M. Seibert report a research grant from the US Department of Defense. O.A. Andreassen reports research grants from K.G. Jebsen Stiftelsen, Research Council of Norway, and South East Norway Health Authority. N. Usmani reports grants from Astra Zeneca and Astellas, research collaboration, and financial in-kind support from Best Medical Canada and Concure Oncology. R.M. Martin reports grants from Cancer Research UK, during the conduct of the study. K.D. S\u00f8rensen reports grants from Danish Cancer Society, grants from Velux Foundation, during the conduct of the study. T.M. Seibert reports honoraria from Multimodal Imaging Services Corporation for imaging segmentation and honoraria from Varian Medical Systems and WebMD, Inc. for educational content. A.S. Kibel reports advisory board memberships for Sanofi-Aventis, Dendreon, and Profound. R.A. Eeles reports honoraria from GU-ASCO, honoraria\/speaker fees from Janssen, honoraria from an invited talk to the University of Chicago, and educational honoraria from Bayer&Ipsen. K.D. S\u00f8rensen reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, personal fees from Sanofi, outside the submitted work. N. Usmani reports honoraria from Janssen Canada and Bayer, outside the submitted work. M. Gamulin reports speaker\/advisor board\/travel fees for BMS, Pfizer, Novartis, Astellas, Sanofi, Janssen, Roche, Sandoz, Amgen, Bayer, PharmaSwiss, MSD, Alvogen. M. Gamuli also reports non-financial report for drugs from BMS, Roche, Janssen. A.M. Dale has additional disclosures outside the present work: founder, equity holder, and advisory board member for CorTechs Labs, Inc.; advisory board member of Human Longevity, Inc.; recipient of nonfinancial research support from General Electric Healthcare. K.D. S\u00f8rensen is co-inventor on an issued patent (\u201cBiomarkers for prostate cancer\u201d\/# US10106854B2, # AU2013275761B2, # JP6242388B2) licensed to Qiagen, on an issued patent (\u201cA microRNA-based method for early detection of prostate cancer in urine samples\u201d\/# US10400288B2, # EP3256602B1, # ES2749651T3) licensed to Qiagen, and on an issued patent (\u201cA microRNA-based method for assessing the prognosis of a prostate cancer patient\u201d\/# US10358681B2, # EP3262186B1, # ES2724404T3, #JP6769979B2), licensed to Qiagen. N. Usmani has a patent (US Provisional Patent Application No. 62\/688,481: \u201cTheranostic radiophotodynamic therapy nanoparticles\u201d) pending, and a patent (US Patent Application No. 15\/978,996: \u201cHand-held device and computer-implemented system and method for assisted steering of a percutaneously inserted needle\u201d) pending. The remaining authors declare no competing interests. Additional acknowledgments for the PRACTICAL consortium and contributing studies are described in the Supplemental Material.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"1236"}}