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In this paper we demonstrate selective single Ba<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ion imaging inside a high-pressure xenon gas environment. Ba<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> ions chelated with molecular chemosensors are resolved at the gas-solid interface using a diffraction-limited imaging system with scan area of 1\u00a0\u00d7\u00a01 cm<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> located inside 10 bar of xenon gas. This form of microscopy represents key ingredient in the development of barium tagging for neutrinoless double beta decay searches in <jats:sup>136<\/jats:sup>Xe. This also provides a new tool for studying the photophysics of fluorescent molecules and chemosensors at the solid-gas interface to enable bottom-up design of catalysts and sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-54872-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,5]],"date-time":"2024-12-05T01:32:11Z","timestamp":1733362331000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fluorescence imaging of individual ions and molecules in pressurized noble gases for barium tagging in 136Xe"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"N. K.","family":"Byrnes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F. W.","family":"Foss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3400-8986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"B. J. 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