{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T05:30:46Z","timestamp":1793770246507,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"8125","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784073600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nature"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-026-10765-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T15:01:40Z","timestamp":1784127700000},"page":"1180-1186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Graphene oxide-polydopamine membranes with controlled interlayer spacing"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"655","author":[{"given":"Youhua","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laiyang","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zi-an","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefei","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-9942-3696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Han","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimei","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0153-7515","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengfei","family":"Jing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1125-2686","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junjie","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4592-2856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guosheng","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0026-2601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhenhuang","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9432-3198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fenggang","family":"Bian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2261-7162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhi-Kang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8316-1816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chongqin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1668-465X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wei-Hai","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4672-8585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao Cheng","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1704-9922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianjun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"10765_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aax3103","volume":"364","author":"B Mi","year":"2019","unstructured":"Mi, B. Scaling up nanoporous graphene membranes. Science 364, 1033\u20131034 (2019).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10765_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10891","volume":"7","author":"A Akbari","year":"2016","unstructured":"Akbari, A. et al. Large-area graphene-based nanofiltration membranes by shear alignment of discotic nematic liquid crystals of graphene oxide. Nat. Commun. 7, 10891 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10765_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5861","DOI":"10.1039\/C5CS00021A","volume":"44","author":"F Perreault","year":"2015","unstructured":"Perreault, F., Fonseca de Faria, A. & Elimelech, M. Environmental applications of graphene-based nanomaterials. Chem. Soc. Rev. 44, 5861\u20135896 (2015).","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10765_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1245711","volume":"343","author":"RK Joshi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Joshi, R. K. et al. Precise and ultrafast molecular sieving through graphene oxide membranes. Science 343, 752\u2013754 (2014).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10765_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1211694","volume":"335","author":"RR Nair","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nair, R. R., Wu, H. A., Jayaram, P. N., Grigorieva, I. V. & Geim, A. K. Unimpeded permeation of water through helium-leak-tight graphene-based membranes. Science 335, 442\u2013444 (2012).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10765_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201913010","volume":"59","author":"M Zhang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Zhang, M. et al. Molecular bridges stabilize graphene oxide membranes in water. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 59, 1689\u20131695 (2019).","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed."},{"key":"10765_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1038\/nature24044","volume":"550","author":"L Chen","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chen, L. et al. Ion sieving in graphene oxide membranes via cationic control of interlayer spacing. Nature 550, 380\u2013383 (2017).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10765_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"546","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2017.21","volume":"12","author":"J Abraham","year":"2017","unstructured":"Abraham, J. et al. Tunable sieving of ions using graphene oxide membranes. Nat. Nanotechnol. 12, 546\u2013550 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10765_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1705973","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.201705973","volume":"30","author":"Z Jiang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jiang, Z., Karan, S. & Livingston, A. G. Water transport through ultrathin polyamide nanofilms used for reverse osmosis. Adv. Mater. 30, 1705973 (2018).","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10765_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-020-0713-6","volume":"15","author":"R Epsztein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Epsztein, R., DuChanois, R. M., Ritt, C. L., Noy, A. & Elimelech, M. Towards single-species selectivity of membranes with subnanometre pores. Nat. Nanotechnol. 15, 426\u2013436 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10765_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1200488","volume":"333","author":"M Elimelech","year":"2011","unstructured":"Elimelech, M. & Phillip, W. A. The future of seawater desalination: energy, technology, and the environment. Science 333, 712\u2013717 (2011).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10765_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4537","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CS01061A","volume":"51","author":"YJ Lim","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lim, Y. J., Goh, K. & Wang, R. The coming of age of water channels for separation membranes: from biological to biomimetic to synthetic. Chem. Soc. Rev. 51, 4537\u20134582 (2022).","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10765_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-020-00833-9","volume":"16","author":"W-H Zhang","year":"2021","unstructured":"Zhang, W.-H. et al. Graphene oxide membranes with stable porous structure for ultrafast water transport. Nat. Nanotechnol. 16, 337\u2013343 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10765_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-018-0292-y","volume":"559","author":"KG Zhou","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zhou, K. G. et al. Electrically controlled water permeation through graphene oxide membranes. Nature 559, 236\u2013240 (2018).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10765_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms3979","volume":"4","author":"H Huang","year":"2013","unstructured":"Huang, H. et al. Ultrafast viscous water flow through nanostrand-channelled graphene oxide membranes. Nat. Commun. 4, 2979 (2013).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10765_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2983","DOI":"10.1021\/cm5007873","volume":"26","author":"W-S Hung","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hung, W.-S. et al. Cross-linking with diamine monomers to prepare composite graphene oxide-framework membranes with varying d-spacing. Chem. Mater. 26, 2983\u20132990 (2014).","journal-title":"Chem. Mater."},{"key":"10765_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1038\/s41565-020-00795-y","volume":"16","author":"DV Andreeva","year":"2021","unstructured":"Andreeva, D. V. et al. Two-dimensional adaptive membranes with programmable water and ionic channels. Nat. Nanotechnol. 16, 174\u2013180 (2021).","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10765_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"13740","DOI":"10.1039\/D1CC05960B","volume":"57","author":"A Cihanoglu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Cihanoglu, A., Schiffman, J. D. & Altinkaya, S. A. Ultrasound-assisted dopamine polymerization: rapid and oxidizing agent-free polydopamine coatings on membrane surfaces. Chem. Commun. 57, 13740\u201313743 (2021).","journal-title":"Chem. Commun."},{"key":"10765_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2014.10.052","volume":"475","author":"H Yan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yan, H. et al. The porous structure of the fully-aromatic polyamide film in reverse osmosis membranes. J. Membr. Sci. 475, 504\u2013510 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Membr. Sci."},{"key":"10765_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2017.11.044","volume":"548","author":"N Meng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Meng, N. et al. A low-pressure GO nanofiltration membrane crosslinked via ethylenediamine. J. Membr. Sci. 548, 363\u2013371 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Membr. Sci."},{"key":"10765_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1038\/nnano.2017.160","volume":"12","author":"A Morelos-Gomez","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morelos-Gomez, A. et al. Effective NaCl and dye rejection of hybrid graphene oxide\/graphene layered membranes. Nat. Nanotechnol. 12, 1083\u20131088 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Nanotechnol."},{"key":"10765_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3715","DOI":"10.1021\/es400571g","volume":"47","author":"M Hu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hu, M. & Mi, B. Enabling graphene oxide nanosheets as water separation membranes. Environ. Sci. Technol. 47, 3715\u20133723 (2013).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10765_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-024-47083-0","volume":"15","author":"S Hong","year":"2024","unstructured":"Hong, S. et al. Precision ion separation via self-assembled channels. Nat. Commun. 15, 3160 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10765_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2022.121027","volume":"663","author":"R He","year":"2022","unstructured":"He, R. et al. Polyelectrolyte-based nanofiltration membranes with exceptional performance in Mg2+\/Li+ separation in a wide range of solution conditions. J. Membr. Sci. 663, 121027 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Membr. Sci."},{"key":"10765_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"121515","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2023.121515","volume":"674","author":"H Peng","year":"2023","unstructured":"Peng, H., Hu, Y., Li, S., Rao, J. & Zhao, Q. Sulfonium-polyamide membranes for high flux Mg2+\/Li+ separation. J. Membr. Sci. 674, 121515 (2023).","journal-title":"J. Membr. Sci."},{"key":"10765_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.memsci.2022.120860","volume":"660","author":"K Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, K. et al. Dual-electric layer nanofiltration membranes based on polyphenol\/PEI interlayer for highly efficient Mg2+\/Li+ separation. J. Membr. Sci. 660, 120860 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Membr. Sci."},{"key":"10765_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1459","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2020.05.017","volume":"4","author":"C Liu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Liu, C. et al. Lithium extraction from seawater through pulsed electrochemical intercalation. Joule 4, 1459\u20131469 (2020).","journal-title":"Joule"},{"key":"10765_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.desal.2024.117826","volume":"586","author":"DY Butylskii","year":"2024","unstructured":"Butylskii, D. Y. et al. Review of recent progress on lithium recovery and recycling from primary and secondary sources with membrane-based technologies. Desalination 586, 117826 (2024).","journal-title":"Desalination"},{"key":"10765_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adma.202417994","volume":"37","author":"Y Liu","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liu, Y. et al. Pillared laminar vermiculite membranes with tunable monovalent and multivalent ion selectivity. Adv. Mater. 37, e2417994 (2025).","journal-title":"Adv. Mater."},{"key":"10765_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893-024-01449-w","volume":"7","author":"X Chen","year":"2024","unstructured":"Chen, X. & Hu, W. Direct and efficient in situ rubidium extraction from potassium chloride salts. Nat. Sustain. 7, 1672\u20131680 (2024).","journal-title":"Nat. Sustain."},{"key":"10765_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adg0059","volume":"382","author":"W Chen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chen, W. et al. Cascade-heterogated biphasic gel iontronics for electronic-to-multi-ionic signal transmission. Science 382, 559\u2013565 (2023).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10765_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aan5275","volume":"358","author":"A Esfandiar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Esfandiar, A. et al. Size effect in ion transport through angstrom-scale slits. Science 358, 511\u2013513 (2017).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10765_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-40742-8","volume":"14","author":"R Xu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xu, R., Kang, Y., Zhang, W., Pan, B. & Zhang, X. Two-dimensional MXene membranes with biomimetic sub-nanochannels for enhanced cation sieving. Nat. Commun. 14, 4907 (2023).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10765_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-025-61735-9","volume":"16","author":"S Liao","year":"2025","unstructured":"Liao, S. et al. Theoretical framework for confined ion transport in two-dimensional nanochannels. Nat. Commun. 16, 6675 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"10765_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.202504259","volume":"64","author":"Y Hou","year":"2025","unstructured":"Hou, Y. et al. Artificial cation-chloride co-transporters for chloride-facilitated lithium\/magnesium separation. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 64, e202504259 (2025).","journal-title":"Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl."},{"key":"10765_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1038\/s42254-025-00857-x","volume":"7","author":"M Trushin","year":"2025","unstructured":"Trushin, M., Andreeva, D. V., Peeters, F. M. & Novoselov, K. S. Structure and flow of low-dimensional water. Nat. Rev. Phys. 7, 502\u2013513 (2025).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Phys."},{"key":"10765_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5856","DOI":"10.1021\/ja800745y","volume":"130","author":"Y Xu","year":"2008","unstructured":"Xu, Y., Bai, H., Lu, G., Li, C. & Shi, G. Flexible graphene films via the filtration of water-soluble noncovalent functionalized graphene sheets. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 5856\u20135857 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10765_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbon.2019.10.081","volume":"158","author":"C Cuadrado-Collados","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cuadrado-Collados, C. et al. Freezing\/melting of water in the confined nanospace of carbon materials: effect of an external stimulus. Carbon 158, 346\u2013355 (2020).","journal-title":"Carbon"},{"key":"10765_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8455","DOI":"10.1039\/D3CS00395G","volume":"52","author":"M Heiranian","year":"2023","unstructured":"Heiranian, M., Fan, H., Wang, L., Lu, X. & Elimelech, M. Mechanisms and models for water transport in reverse osmosis membranes: history, critical assessment, and recent developments. Chem. Soc. Rev. 52, 8455\u20138480 (2023).","journal-title":"Chem. Soc. Rev."},{"key":"10765_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3710","DOI":"10.1021\/es0008620","volume":"34","author":"AE Childress","year":"2000","unstructured":"Childress, A. E. & Elimelech, M. Relating nanofiltration membrane performance to membrane charge (electrokinetic) characteristics. Environ. Sci. Technol. 34, 3710\u20133716 (2000).","journal-title":"Environ. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"10765_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"014101","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2408420","volume":"126","author":"G Bussi","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bussi, G., Donadio, D. & Parrinello, M. Canonical sampling through velocity rescaling. J. Chem. Phys. 126, 014101 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10765_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00214a001","volume":"110","author":"WL Jorgensen","year":"1988","unstructured":"Jorgensen, W. L. & Tirado-Rives, J. The OPLS [optimized potentials for liquid simulations] potential functions for proteins, energy minimizations for crystals of cyclic peptides and crambin. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 110, 1657\u20131666 (1988).","journal-title":"J. Am. Chem. Soc."},{"key":"10765_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abascal, J. L. F. & Vega, C. A general purpose model for the condensed phases of water: TIP4P\/2005. J. Chem. Phys. 123, 234505 (2005).","DOI":"10.1063\/1.2121687"},{"key":"10765_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"10089","DOI":"10.1063\/1.464397","volume":"98","author":"T Darden","year":"1993","unstructured":"Darden, T., York, D. & Pedersen, L. Particle mesh Ewald: an N\u22c5log(N) method for Ewald sums in large systems. J. Chem. Phys. 98, 10089\u201310092 (1993).","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."},{"key":"10765_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1463","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-987X(199709)18:12<1463::AID-JCC4>3.0.CO;2-H","volume":"18","author":"B Hess","year":"1997","unstructured":"Hess, B., Bekker, H., Berendsen, H. J. C. & Fraaije, J. G. E. M. LINCS: a linear constraint solver for molecular simulations. J. Comput. Chem. 18, 1463\u20131472 (1997).","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10765_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1011","DOI":"10.1002\/jcc.540130812","volume":"13","author":"S Kumar","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kumar, S., Rosenberg, J. M., Bouzida, D., Swendsen, R. H. & Kollman, P. A. The weighted histogram analysis method for free-energy calculations on biomolecules. I. The method. J. Comput. Chem. 13, 1011\u20131021 (2004).","journal-title":"J. Comput. Chem."},{"key":"10765_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btt055","volume":"29","author":"S Pronk","year":"2013","unstructured":"Pronk, S. et al. GROMACS 4.5: a high-throughput and highly parallel open source molecular simulation toolkit. Bioinformatics 29, 845\u2013854 (2013).","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10765_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1016\/0263-7855(96)00018-5","volume":"14","author":"W Humphrey","year":"1996","unstructured":"Humphrey, W., Dalke, A. & Schulten, K. V. M. D. Visual molecular dynamics. J. Mol. Graphics 14, 33\u201338 (1996).","journal-title":"J. Mol. Graphics"},{"key":"10765_CR49","unstructured":"Frisch, M. J. et al. Gaussian 09, Revision D.01 (Gaussian, 2013)."},{"key":"10765_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11623","DOI":"10.1021\/j100096a001","volume":"98","author":"PJ Stephens","year":"1994","unstructured":"Stephens, P. J., Devlin, F. J., Chabalowski, C. F. & Frisch, M. J. Ab initio calculation of vibrational absorption and circular dichroism spectra using density functional force fields. J. Phys. Chem. 98, 11623\u201311627 (1994).","journal-title":"J. Phys. Chem."},{"key":"10765_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154104","DOI":"10.1063\/1.3382344","volume":"132","author":"S Grimme","year":"2010","unstructured":"Grimme, S., Antony, J., Ehrlich, S. & Krieg, H. A consistent and accurate ab initio parametrization of density functional dispersion correction (DFT-D) for the 94 elements H-Pu. J. Chem. Phys. 132, 154104 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Chem. Phys."}],"container-title":["Nature"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-026-10765-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-026-10765-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-026-10765-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T18:10:25Z","timestamp":1785521425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41586-026-10765-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8125","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10765"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41586-026-10765-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["0028-0836","1476-4687"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0028-0836","type":"print"},{"value":"1476-4687","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"10 April 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"4 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics"}}]}}