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A nuclear clock transfers the frequency reference from an electronic to a nuclear transition and the uniquely low-lying, laser-accessible, isomeric transition in\n                    <jats:sup>229<\/jats:sup>\n                    Th currently offers the most practical route to compact, robust timekeeping and sensitive tests of fundamental physics\n                    <jats:sup>3\u20138<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Realizing such a clock requires turning spectroscopy of the\n                    <jats:sup>229<\/jats:sup>\n                    Th nuclear resonance\n                    <jats:sup>9\u201317<\/jats:sup>\n                    into a stable discriminator for steering a traceable oscillator. Here we demonstrate a\n                    <jats:sup>229<\/jats:sup>\n                    Th nuclear clock by stabilizing a continuous-wave, narrow-linewidth 148.4\u2009nm vacuum-ultraviolet (VUV) laser\n                    <jats:sup>18<\/jats:sup>\n                    to a resolved, weakly temperature-sensitive nuclear transition\n                    <jats:sup>17,19<\/jats:sup>\n                    in\n                    <jats:sup>229<\/jats:sup>\n                    Th:CaF\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    crystals\n                    <jats:sup>20\u201322<\/jats:sup>\n                    . A 10-\u03bcW VUV source generated by four-wave mixing in cadmium vapour\n                    <jats:sup>18,23,24<\/jats:sup>\n                    and phototube-based frequency modulation absorption readout provide a fast, high-signal-to-noise nuclear discriminator. The clock reaches a fractional frequency instability of\n                    <jats:inline-formula>\n                      <jats:alternatives>\n                        <jats:tex-math>$$5\\times 1{0}^{-13}\/\\sqrt{\\tau \/{\\rm{s}}}$$<\/jats:tex-math>\n                        <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\">\n                          <mml:mn>5<\/mml:mn>\n                          <mml:mo>\u00d7<\/mml:mo>\n                          <mml:mn>1<\/mml:mn>\n                          <mml:msup>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mn>0<\/mml:mn>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mo>\u2212<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mn>13<\/mml:mn>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:msup>\n                          <mml:mo>\/<\/mml:mo>\n                          <mml:msqrt>\n                            <mml:mrow>\n                              <mml:mi>\u03c4<\/mml:mi>\n                              <mml:mo>\/<\/mml:mo>\n                              <mml:mi>s<\/mml:mi>\n                            <\/mml:mrow>\n                          <\/mml:msqrt>\n                        <\/mml:math>\n                      <\/jats:alternatives>\n                    <\/jats:inline-formula>\n                    for averaging time\n                    <jats:italic>\u03c4<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Clock-transition frequencies measured in two independently fabricated crystals agree at the 10\n                    <jats:sup>\u221213<\/jats:sup>\n                    level and are consistent with previous VUV-comb measurements on other\n                    <jats:sup>229<\/jats:sup>\n                    Th:CaF\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    crystals\n                    <jats:sup>17<\/jats:sup>\n                    . These results establish laser-addressed nuclei as operational clock references and provide a reproducible solid-state platform for compact nuclear clocks, nuclear quantum sensors and precision tests of fundamental physics.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-026-11122-1","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T15:03:33Z","timestamp":1791385413000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A nuclear clock synchronized to 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