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Most regionalized models are statistical, using highly aggregated spatial units and LU classes (e.g. one unique LU class for cropland). Process-based modelling is a powerful characterization tool but so far has never been applied globally for all LU classes. Here, we propose a new set of spatially detailed characterization factors (CFs) for soil organic carbon (SOC) depletion. We used SOC dynamic curves and attainable SOC stocks from a process-based model for more than 17,000 world regions and 81\u2009LU classes. Those classes include 63 agricultural (depending on 4 types of management\/production), and 16 forest sub-classes, and 1 grassland and 1 urban class. We matched the CFs to LU elementary flows used by LCA databases at country-level. Results show that CFs are highly dependent on the LU sub-class and management practices. For example, transformation into cropland in general leads to the highest SOC depletion but SOC gains are possible with specific crops.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-021-01018-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,9]],"date-time":"2021-09-09T10:06:24Z","timestamp":1631181984000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Global process-based characterization factors of soil carbon depletion for life cycle impact assessment"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ricardo F. 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