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Among these nanoscale agents, gold nanoshells and nanorods have demonstrated optimal properties for translation of near infra-red radiation into heat at the site of interest. However, smaller spherical gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are easier to produce, less toxic and show improved photoconversion capability that may profit from the irradiation in the visible via standard surgical green lasers. Here we show the efficient light-to-heat conversion of spherical 14\u2009nm AuNPs irradiated in the visible region (at the surface plasmons resonance peak) and its application to selectively obliterate cancer cells. Using breast cancer as model, we show a synergistic interaction between heat (photoconversion at 530\u2009nm) and cytotoxic action by doxorubicin with clear advantages to those of the individual therapy approaches.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-11491-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,1]],"date-time":"2017-09-01T13:30:28Z","timestamp":1504272628000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":158,"title":["Photothermal enhancement of chemotherapy in breast cancer by visible irradiation of Gold Nanoparticles"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0672-2958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Mendes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7190-6438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Pedrosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o C.","family":"Lima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Alexandra R.","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5255-7095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro V.","family":"Baptista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"11491_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1142\/S179398441330001X","volume":"03","author":"RM Cabral","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cabral, R. 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