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Here we investigate the evolution of largely disjunct (and potentially reproductively isolated) phylogeographic lineages within the amphi-boreal kelp <jats:italic>Saccharina latissima<\/jats:italic> s. l. Using molecular data (COI, microsatellites) we confirm that <jats:italic>S. latissima<\/jats:italic> comprises also the NE Pacific <jats:italic>S. cichorioides<\/jats:italic> complex and is composed of divergent lineages with limited range overlap and genetic admixture. Only a few genetic hybrids were detected throughout a Canadian Arctic\/NW Greenland contact zone. The degree of genetic differentiation and sympatric isolation of phylogroups suggest that <jats:italic>S. latissima<\/jats:italic> s. l. represents a complex of incipient species. Phylogroup distributions compared with paleo-environmental reconstructions of the cryosphere further suggest that diversification within <jats:italic>S. latissima<\/jats:italic> results from chronic glacial isolation in disjunct persistence areas intercalated with ephemeral interglacial poleward expansions and admixture at high-latitude (Arctic) contact zones. This study thus supports a role for glaciations not just in redistributing pre-existing marine lineages but also as a speciation pump across multi-glacial cycles for marine organisms otherwise exhibiting cosmopolite amphi-boreal distributions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-19620-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,12]],"date-time":"2018-01-12T12:28:28Z","timestamp":1515760108000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":72,"title":["Glacial vicariance drives phylogeographic diversification in the amphi-boreal kelp Saccharina latissima"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Neiva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Paulino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mette M.","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Dorte","family":"Krause-Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Gary W.","family":"Saunders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6624-4820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Assis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ignacio","family":"B\u00e1rbara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"\u00c9ric","family":"Tamigneaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lic\u00ednia","family":"Gouveia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1964-6819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T\u00e2nia","family":"Aires","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Marb\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Annette","family":"Bruhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0768-464X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gareth A.","family":"Pearson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ester A.","family":"Serr\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"19620_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2003.1388","volume":"359","author":"GM Hewitt","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hewitt, G. 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