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Here, we test this assumption by analysing alpha, beta and gamma diversity patterns of macro-moth communities in habitats on an ecological succession gradient, from extensively managed meadows to scrub-encroached and wooded sites. Macro-moths were light-trapped at 84 fixed circular sampling sites arranged in a semi-nested design within the National Park of Peneda-Ger\u00eas, NW-Portugal. In total, we sampled 22825 individuals belonging to 378 species. Alpha, beta and gamma diversity patterns suggest that farmland abandonment is likely to positively affect both overall macro-moth diversity and forest macro-moth diversity, and to negatively affect species diversity of non-forest macro-moth species. Our results also show that spatial habitat heterogeneity is important to maintain gamma diversity of macro-moths, especially for rare non-forest species and habitat specialists.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38200-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,7]],"date-time":"2019-02-07T11:05:41Z","timestamp":1549537541000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Beta diversity patterns reveal positive effects of farmland abandonment on moth communities"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Murilo","family":"Dantas de Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1043-1675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Henrique M.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Martin F. 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