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Impaired re-epithelization leads to significantly delayed wound closure and excessive inflammation causes tissue destruction, both enhancing wound pathogen colonization. Among many differentially expressed microRNAs, miR-155 is significantly upregulated and fibroblast growth factor 7 (FGF7) mRNA (target of miR-155) and protein are suppressed in diabetic skin, when compared to controls, leading us to hypothesize that topical miR-155 inhibition would improve diabetic wound healing by restoring FGF7 expression.<jats:italic>In vitro<\/jats:italic>inhibition of miR-155 increased human keratinocyte scratch closure and topical inhibition of miR-155<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>in wounds increased murine FGF7 protein expression and significantly enhanced diabetic wound healing. Moreover, we show that miR-155 inhibition leads to a reduction in wound inflammation, in accordance with known pro-inflammatory actions of miR-155. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that topical miR-155 inhibition increases diabetic wound fibroblast growth factor 7 expression in diabetic wounds, which, in turn, increases re-epithelization and, consequently, accelerates wound closure. Topical miR-155 inhibition targets both excessive inflammation and impaired re-epithelization and remodeling, being a potentially new and effective treatment for chronic diabetic foot ulcers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-42309-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]],"date-time":"2019-04-09T10:03:51Z","timestamp":1554804231000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["microRNA-155 inhibition restores Fibroblast Growth Factor 7 expression in diabetic skin and decreases wound inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Moura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anja","family":"S\u00f8rensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1748-9861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ermelindo C.","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rikke","family":"Svendsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rie Juul","family":"Willemoes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3932-5921","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Per Trolle","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H\u00e5vard","family":"Jenssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jesper","family":"Wengel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3598-2775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise Torp","family":"Dalgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eug\u00e9nia","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"590","key":"42309_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"592","DOI":"10.12968\/jowc.2015.24.12.590","volume":"24","author":"T Elgzyri","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elgzyri, T. et al. 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