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We investigated the effect of transducing rat ischemic skin flaps with lentiviral vectors encoding human BD-2, BD-3, or both BD-2 and BD-3, to increase flap survival in the context of a <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> infection associated with a foreign body. The secondary endpoints assessed were: bacterial counts, and biofilm formation on the surface of the foreign body. A local ischemic environment was created by producing arterialized venous flaps in the left epigastric region of rats. Flaps were intentionally infected by placing underneath them two catheters with 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> CFU of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> before the surgical wounds were hermetically closed. Flap biopsies were performed 3 and 7 days post-operatively, and the specimens submitted to immunohistochemical analysis for BD-2 and BD-3, as well as to bacterial quantification. Subsequently, the catheter segments were analyzed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Flaps transduced with BD-2 and BD-3 showed expression of these defensins and presented increased flap survival. Rats transduced with BD-3 presented a net reduction in the number of <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>. <jats:italic>aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> on the surface of the foreign body and lesser biofilm formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-44153-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]],"date-time":"2019-05-27T10:02:45Z","timestamp":1558951365000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["BD-2 and BD-3 increase skin flap survival in a model of ischemia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5537-9340","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo","family":"Casal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Iria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 S.","family":"Ramalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Eduarda","family":"Mota-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Mascarenhas-Lemos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1265-949X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Pontinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Guadalupe-Cabral","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Ferreira-Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M\u00e1rio","family":"Ferraz-Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7913-7047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Vassilenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Goyri-O\u2019Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Pais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5987-2485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula A.","family":"Videira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"44153_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arcmed.2005.06.009","volume":"36","author":"AJ Alanis","year":"2005","unstructured":"Alanis, A. 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