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Since it has been suggested that only \u201chigh quality\u201d individuals have enough resources to express excessive sexual ornaments and resist parasites, current theory struggles to explain cases where the brightest individuals carry the most parasites. Surprisingly little emphasis has been put on the contrasting routes to fitness utilized by different parasite species inhabiting the same host. Using Arctic charr (<jats:italic>Salvelinus alpinus<\/jats:italic>) as model species, we hypothesized that skin redness and allocation of carotenoids between skin and muscle (redness ratio) will be positively and negatively associated with parasites using the fish as an intermediate and final host, respectively. Both pigment parameters were indeed positively associated with abundances of parasites awaiting trophic transmission <jats:italic>(Diplostomum<\/jats:italic> sp. and <jats:italic>Diphyllobothrium<\/jats:italic> spp.) and negatively associated with the abundance of adult <jats:italic>Eubothrium salvelini<\/jats:italic> tapeworms. These empirical data demonstrate that contrasting associations between carotenoid coloration and parasite intensities relates to the specific premises of different parasite species and life cycle stages.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-47083-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,23]],"date-time":"2019-07-23T10:03:15Z","timestamp":1563876195000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Contrasting associations between breeding coloration and parasitism of male Arctic charr relate to parasite species and life cycle stage"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0351-5224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I. B.","family":"Johansen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E. 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