{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T08:52:15Z","timestamp":1765356735059,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591920000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>After preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), antibiotics and antenatal steroids are effective\u00a0evidence-based interventions, but the use of tocolysis is controversial. We investigated whether a unit policy of tocolysis use after PPROM is associated with prolonged gestation and improved outcomes for very preterm infants in units that systematically use these other evidence-based treatments. From the prospective, observational, population-based EPICE cohort study (all very preterm births in 19 regions from 11 European countries, 2011\u20132012), we included 607 women with a singleton pregnancy and PPROM at 24\u201329 weeks\u2019 gestation, of whom 101, 195 and 311 were respectively managed in 17, 32 and 45 units with no-use, restricted and liberal tocolysis policies for PPROM. The association between unit policies and outcomes (early-onset sepsis, survival at discharge, survival at discharge without severe morbidity and survival at two years without gross motor impairment) was investigated using three-level random-intercept logistic regression models, showing no differences in neonatal or two-year outcomes by unit policy. Moreover, there was no association between unit policies and prolongation of gestation in a multilevel survival analysis. Compared to a unit policy of no-use of tocolysis after PPROM, a liberal or restricted policy is not associated with improved obstetric, neonatal or two-year outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65201-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]],"date-time":"2020-06-12T10:03:06Z","timestamp":1591956186000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Unit policies regarding tocolysis after preterm premature rupture of membranes: association with latency, neonatal and 2-year outcomes (EPICE cohort)"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9654-8104","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elsa","family":"Lorthe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Moreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lene D.","family":"Huusom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Stephan","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Rolf F.","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pierre-Henri","family":"Jarreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Cuttini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Elizabeth S.","family":"Draper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Zeitlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Henrique","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"name":"The EPICE research group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Martens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Martens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Van Reempts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"K.","family":"Boerch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Hasselager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Huusom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"O.","family":"Pryds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Toome","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Varendi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.-Y.","family":"Ancel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B.","family":"Blondel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Burguet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.-H.","family":"Jarreau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"P.","family":"Truffert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R. F.","family":"Maier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B.","family":"Misselwitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S.","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.","family":"Gortner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"Baronciani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"G.","family":"Gargano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"R.","family":"Agostino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"I.","family":"Croci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F.","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"V.","family":"Carnielli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Cuttini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D.","family":"DiLallo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Koopman-Esseboom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Van Heijst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Nijman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Gadzinowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Mazela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"L.-M.","family":"Gra\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.-C.","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"T.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A-K.","family":"Bonamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Norman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E.","family":"Boyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"E. S.","family":"Draper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"B. N.","family":"Manktelow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A. C.","family":"Fenton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"D. W. A.","family":"Milligan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"J.","family":"Zeitlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Bonet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Piedvache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"65201_CR1","first-page":"178","volume":"101","author":"BM Mercer","year":"2003","unstructured":"Mercer, B. M. Preterm premature rupture of the membranes. Obstet. Gynecol. 101, 178\u2013193 (2003).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"65201_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60074-4","volume":"371","author":"RL Goldenberg","year":"2008","unstructured":"Goldenberg, R. L., Culhane, J. F., Iams, J. D. & Romero, R. Epidemiology and causes of preterm birth. Lancet 371, 75\u201384 (2008).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"65201_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60136-1","volume":"371","author":"S Saigal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Saigal, S. & Doyle, L. W. An overview of mortality and sequelae of preterm birth from infancy to adulthood. The Lancet 371, 261\u2013269 (2008).","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"65201_CR4","first-page":"1004","volume":"46","author":"E Lorthe","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lorthe, E. Epidemiology, risk factors and child prognosis: CNGOF Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Guidelines. Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol 46, 1004\u20131021 (2018).","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol"},{"key":"65201_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550120049032","volume":"278","author":"BM Mercer","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mercer, B. M. et al. Antibiotic therapy for reduction of infant morbidity after preterm premature rupture of the membranes. A randomized controlled trial. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. JAMA J. Am. Med. Assoc. 278, 989\u2013995 (1997).","journal-title":"JAMA J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"65201_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(00)04233-1","volume":"357","author":"S Kenyon","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kenyon, S., Taylor, D. & Tarnow-Mordi, W. Broad-spectrum antibiotics for preterm, prelabour rupture of fetal membranes: the ORACLE I randomised trial. The Lancet 357, 979\u2013988 (2001).","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"65201_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"620.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.07.008","volume":"199","author":"CE Hutzal","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hutzal, C. E. et al. Use of antibiotics for the treatment of preterm parturition and prevention of neonatal morbidity: a metaanalysis. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 199, 620.e1\u2013620.e8 (2008).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"65201_CR8","first-page":"CD001058","volume":"12","author":"S Kenyon","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kenyon, S., Boulvain, M. & Neilson, J. P. Antibiotics for preterm rupture of membranes. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 12, CD001058 (2013).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"65201_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Roberts, D., Brown, J., Medley, N. & Dalziel, S. R. Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004454.pub3 (2017).","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004454.pub3"},{"key":"65201_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ACOG. Practice Bulletin No. 172: Premature Rupture of Membranes. Obstet. Gynecol. 128, e165\u2013177 (2016).","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001712"},{"key":"65201_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Bond, D. M. et al. Planned early birth versus expectant management for women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes prior to 37 weeks\u2019 gestation for improving pregnancy outcome. In Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd), https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.CD004735.pub4 (2017).","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004735.pub4"},{"key":"65201_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2019.02.021","volume":"236","author":"T Schmitz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schmitz, T. et al. Preterm premature rupture of the membranes: Guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF). Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 236, 1\u20136 (2019).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"65201_CR13","first-page":"1068","volume":"46","author":"P Delorme","year":"2018","unstructured":"Delorme, P. & Garabedian, C. Modalities of birth in case of uncomplicated preterm premature rupture of membranes: CNGOF Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Guidelines. Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol. 46, 1068\u20131075 (2018).","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Fertil. Senol."},{"key":"65201_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomson, A. J. Care of Women Presenting with Suspected Preterm Prelabour Rupture of Membranes from 24+0 Weeks of Gestation. BJOG Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol.\u00a0126(9), e152\u2013e166 (2019).","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.15803"},{"key":"65201_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1497","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.08.005","volume":"191","author":"PS Ramsey","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ramsey, P. S. et al. Contemporary management of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM): A survey of maternal-fetal medicine providers. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 191, 1497\u20131502 (2004).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"65201_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e318176158e","volume":"112","author":"NS Fox","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fox, N. S., Gelber, S. E., Kalish, R. B. & Chasen, S. T. Contemporary practice patterns and beliefs regarding tocolysis among u.s. Maternal-fetal medicine specialists. Obstet. Gynecol 112, 42\u201347 (2008).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol"},{"key":"65201_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jgyn.2012.10.008","volume":"42","author":"C Couteau","year":"2013","unstructured":"Couteau, C., Haumont\u00e9, J.-B., Bretelle, F., Capelle, M. & D\u2019Ercole, C. Management of preterm and prelabour rupture of membranes in France. J. Gynecol. Obstet. Biol. Reprod. (Paris) 42, 21\u201328 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Gynecol. Obstet. Biol. Reprod. (Paris)"},{"key":"65201_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.04.015","volume":"217","author":"E Lorthe","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lorthe, E. et al. Tocolysis after preterm premature rupture of membranes and neonatal outcome: a propensity-score analysis. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 217, 212.e1\u2013212.e12 (2017).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"65201_CR19","first-page":"CD007062","volume":"2","author":"AD Mackeen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mackeen, A. D., Seibel-Seamon, J., Muhammad, J., Baxter, J. K. & Berghella, V. Tocolytics for preterm premature rupture of membranes. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2, CD007062 (2014).","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"65201_CR20","first-page":"621","volume":"66","author":"DL Levy","year":"1985","unstructured":"Levy, D. L. & Warsof, S. L. Oral ritodrine and preterm premature rupture of membranes. Obstet. Gynecol. 66, 621\u2013623 (1985).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"65201_CR21","first-page":"252","volume":"10","author":"SJ Fortunato","year":"1990","unstructured":"Fortunato, S. J. et al. Prolongation of the latency period in preterm premature rupture of the membranes using prophylactic antibiotics and tocolysis. J. Perinatol. Off. J. Calif. Perinat. Assoc. 10, 252\u2013256 (1990).","journal-title":"J. Perinatol. Off. J. Calif. Perinat. Assoc."},{"key":"65201_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1159\/000292605","volume":"36","author":"Y Matsuda","year":"1993","unstructured":"Matsuda, Y., Ikenoue, T. & Hokanishi, H. Premature Rupture of the Membranes &amp;ndash; Aggressive versus Conservative Approach: Effect of Tocolytic and Antibiotic Therapy. Gynecol. Obstet. Invest. 36, 102\u2013107 (1993).","journal-title":"Gynecol. Obstet. Invest."},{"key":"65201_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(88)90524-8","volume":"159","author":"CP Weiner","year":"1988","unstructured":"Weiner, C. P., Renk, K. & Klugman, M. The therapeutic efficacy and cost-effectiveness of aggressive tocolysis for premature labor associated with premature rupture of the membranes. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 159, 216\u2013222 (1988).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"65201_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Zeitlin, J. et al. Cohort profile: Effective Perinatal Intensive Care in Europe (EPICE) very preterm birth cohort. Int. J. Epidemiol.,\u00a0dyz270.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ije\/dyz270.","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyz270"},{"key":"65201_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e20161990","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-1990","volume":"139","author":"ES Draper","year":"2017","unstructured":"Draper, E. S. et al. Variability in Very Preterm Stillbirth and In-Hospital Mortality Across Europe. Pediatrics 139, e20161990 (2017).","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"65201_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Draper, E. S. et al. EPICE cohort: two-year neurodevelopmental outcomes after very preterm birth. Arch. Dis. Child. - Fetal Neonatal Ed.,\u00a0\u00a00:F1\u2013F7,\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/archdischild-2019-317418\u00a0(2019).","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2019-317418"},{"key":"65201_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.1997.tb07414.x","volume":"39","author":"R Palisano","year":"1997","unstructured":"Palisano, R. et al. Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Dev. Med. Child Neurol 39, 214\u2013223 (1997).","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol"},{"key":"65201_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1111\/apa.13899","volume":"106","author":"J Zeitlin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zeitlin, J. et al. Variation in term birthweight across European countries affects the prevalence of small for gestational age among very preterm infants. Acta Paediatr. 106, 1447\u20131455 (2017).","journal-title":"Acta Paediatr."},{"key":"65201_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001195","volume":"127","author":"J van\u2019t Hooft","year":"2016","unstructured":"van\u2019t Hooft, J. et al. A Core Outcome Set for Evaluation of Interventions to Prevent Preterm Birth. Obstet. Gynecol. 127, 49 (2016).","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"65201_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/insr.12214","volume":"85","author":"PC Austin","year":"2017","unstructured":"Austin, P. C. A Tutorial on Multilevel Survival Analysis: Methods, Models and Applications. Int. Stat. Rev. Rev. Int. Stat. 85, 185\u2013203 (2017).","journal-title":"Int. Stat. Rev. Rev. Int. Stat."},{"key":"65201_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2017.04.016","volume":"217","author":"CV Ananth","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ananth, C. V. & Schisterman, E. F. Confounding, causality, and confusion: the role of intermediate variables in interpreting observational studies in obstetrics. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 217, 167\u2013175 (2017).","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"65201_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sterne, J. A. C. et al. Multiple imputation for missing data in epidemiological and clinical research: potential and pitfalls. BMJ 338 (2009).","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b2393"},{"key":"65201_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4067","volume":"30","author":"IR White","year":"2011","unstructured":"White, I. R., Royston, P. & Wood, A. M. Multiple imputation using chained equations: Issues and guidance for practice. Stat. Med. 30, 377\u2013399 (2011).","journal-title":"Stat. Med."},{"key":"65201_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2005.00389.x","volume":"45","author":"M Giles","year":"2005","unstructured":"Giles, M., Garland, S. & Oats, J. J. N. Management of preterm prelabour rupture of membranes: an audit. How do the results compare with clinical practice guidelines? Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 45, 201\u2013206 (2005).","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"65201_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-8749.2007.02010.x","volume":"50","author":"S Johnson","year":"2008","unstructured":"Johnson, S., Wolke, D. & Marlow, N. Developmental assessment of preterm infants at 2 years: validity of parent reports. Dev. Med. Child Neurol 50, 58\u201362 (2008).","journal-title":"Dev. Med. Child Neurol"},{"key":"65201_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2007.12.017","volume":"139","author":"J-C Pasquier","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pasquier, J.-C. et al. Modeling the duration of the latency period after preterm premature rupture of the membranes according to maternal and pregnancy characteristics: DOMINOS study. Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol. 139, 157\u2013163 (2008).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"65201_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-828X.2004.00256.x","volume":"44","author":"S Buchanan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Buchanan, S., Crowther, C. & Morris, J. Preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes: A survey of current practice. Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol 44, 400\u2013403 (2004).","journal-title":"Aust. N. Z. J. Obstet. Gynaecol"},{"key":"65201_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1538","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2008.01929.x","volume":"115","author":"O Parant","year":"2008","unstructured":"Parant, O. et al. Management of threatened preterm delivery in France: a national practice survey (the EVAPRIMA study). BJOG Int. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. 115, 1538\u20131546 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"65201_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/S1701-2163(16)32384-2","volume":"29","author":"D Hui","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hui, D. et al. Preterm Labour and Birth: A Survey of Clinical Practice Regarding Use of Tocolytics, Antenatal Corticosteroids, and Progesterone. J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can 29, 117\u2013124 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Obstet. Gynaecol. Can"},{"key":"65201_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2176","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)31472-6","volume":"388","author":"S Miller","year":"2016","unstructured":"Miller, S. et al. Beyond too little, too late and too much, too soon: a pathway towards evidence-based, respectful maternity care worldwide. The Lancet 388, 2176\u20132192 (2016).","journal-title":"The Lancet"},{"key":"65201_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"b744","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.b744","volume":"338","author":"R de Heus","year":"2009","unstructured":"de Heus, R. et al. Adverse drug reactions to tocolytic treatment for preterm labour: prospective cohort study. BMJ 338, b744\u2013b744 (2009).","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"65201_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1080\/14740338.2016.1187128","volume":"15","author":"CD Lamont","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lamont, C. D., J\u00f8rgensen, J. S. & Lamont, R. F. The safety of tocolytics used for the inhibition of preterm labour. Expert Opin. Drug Saf. 15, 1163\u20131173 (2016).","journal-title":"Expert Opin. Drug Saf."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-65201-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-65201-y","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-65201-y.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,6]],"date-time":"2022-12-06T12:29:30Z","timestamp":1670329770000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-020-65201-y"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]}},"alternative-id":["65201"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020-65201-y","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2045-2322"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"12 August 2019","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 April 2020","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"12 June 2020","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"9535"}}