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Successful treatment of <jats:italic>Acanthamoeba<\/jats:italic> infections is always very difficult and not always effective. More effective drugs must be developed, and medicinal plants may have a pivotal part in the future of drug discovery. Our research focused on investigating the <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> anti- acanthamoebic potential of <jats:italic>Leea indica<\/jats:italic> and its constituent gallic acid in different concentrations. Water and butanol fractions exhibited significant amoebicidal activity against trophozoites and cysts. Gallic acid (100\u2009\u00b5g\/mL) revealed 83% inhibition of trophozoites and 69% inhibition of cysts. The butanol fraction induced apoptosis in trophozoites, which was observed using tunnel assay. The cytotoxicity of the fractions and gallic acid was investigated against MRC-5 and no adverse effects were observed. Gallic acid was successfully loaded within poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles with 82.86% encapsulation efficiency, while gallic acid showed 98.24% <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> release at 48\u2009hours. Moreover, the gallic acid encapsulated in the PLGA nanoparticles exhibited 90% inhibition against trophozoites. In addition, gallic acid encapsulated nanoparticles showed reduced cytotoxicity towards MRC-5 compared to gallic acid, which evidenced that natural product nanoencapsulation in polymeric nanoparticles could play an important role in the delivery of natural products.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-65728-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]],"date-time":"2020-06-02T10:06:02Z","timestamp":1591092362000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["PLGA nanoparticles loaded with Gallic acid- a constituent of Leea indica against Acanthamoeba triangularis"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2695-9132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tooba","family":"Mahboob","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Nawaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Maria","family":"de Lourdes Pereira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Tan","family":"Tian-Chye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Chandramathi","family":"Samudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Shamala Devi","family":"Sekaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Christophe","family":"Wiart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Veeranoot","family":"Nissapatorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"65728_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2012.11.007","volume":"20","author":"MA Rahman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Rahman, M. 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