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First (<jats:italic>Phase I)<\/jats:italic>, inflammatory profile (TNF-\u03b1, IL-6, IL-10) was analyzed at baseline and post-acute exercise sessions performed at low (&lt;\u200960% VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub>) and high (&gt;\u200990% VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub>) intensities considering the individual\u00a0endotoxin concentrations. Next (<jats:italic>Phase II),<\/jats:italic> monocyte cell cultures were treated with LPS alone or associated with Rosiglitazone (PPAR-\u03b3 agonist drug) to analyze cytokine production and gene expression. Monocyte subsets were also evaluated by flow cytometry. A positive relationship was observed between LPS concentrations and oxygen uptake (VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub>) (r\u2009=\u20090.368; p\u2009=\u20090.007); however, in the post-exercise an inverse correlation was found between LPS variation (\u0394%) and VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub>\u00a0(r\u2009=\u2009-0.385; p\u2009=\u20090.004). With the low-intensity exercise session, there was inverse correlation between LPS and IL-6 concentrations post-exercise (r\u2009=\u2009-0.505; p\u2009=\u20090.046) and a positive correlation with IL-10 in\u00a0the recovery (1\u00a0h post) (r\u2009=\u20090.567; p\u2009=\u20090.011), whereas with the high-intensity exercise an inverse correlation was observed with IL-6 at pre-exercise (r\u2009=\u2009-0.621; p\u2009=\u20090.013) and recovery (r\u2009=\u2009-0.574; p\u2009=\u20090.016). When monocyte cells were treated with LPS, High VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub> individuals showed higher PPAR-\u03b3 gene expression whereas Low VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub> individuals displayed higher IL-10 production. Additionally, higher TLR-4, IKK1, and PGC-1\u03b1 gene expression were observed in the High VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub> group than Low VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub> individuals. In conclusion, even with elevated endotoxemia, individuals with High VO<jats:sub>2max<\/jats:sub> exhibited higher IL-6\u00a0concentration in peripheral blood post-acute aerobic exercise and lower IL-10\u00a0concentration during recovery (1\u00a0h post-exercise). The anti-inflammatory effects linked with exercise training and physical fitness status may be explained by a greater gene\u00a0expression of IKK1, TLR-4, and PGC-1\u03b1, displaying an extremely efficient cellular framework for the PPAR-\u03b3 responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-70731-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]],"date-time":"2020-08-24T10:04:26Z","timestamp":1598263466000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Physical fitness status modulates the inflammatory proteins in peripheral blood and circulating monocytes: role of PPAR-gamma"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Barbara Moura","family":"Antunes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Cesar","family":"Rosa-Neto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Helena Ang\u00e9lica Pereira","family":"Batatinha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Emerson","family":"Franchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana Maria","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"F\u00e1bio Santos","family":"Lira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"70731_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-511X-9-82","volume":"9","author":"FS Lira","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lira, F. 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