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In this study, spermiating seabream males in the second reproductive cycle (RC) were fed a diet containing 5 or 2.5\u00a0\u03bcg EE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/g food for 28\u00a0days and then a commercial diet without EE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> for the remaining RC. Individuals were sampled at the end of the EE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> treatment and then at the end of the RC and at the beginning of the third RC, 146 and 333\u00a0days after the cessation of treatment, respectively. Increased hepatic transcript levels of the gene coding for vitellogenin (<jats:italic>vtg<\/jats:italic>) and plasma levels of Vtg indicated both concentrations of EE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> caused endocrine disruption. Modifications in the histological organization of the testis, germ cell proliferation, plasma levels of the sex steroids and pituitary expression levels of the genes coding for the gonadotropin \u03b2-subunits, <jats:italic>fsh\u03b2<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>lh\u03b2<\/jats:italic> were detected. The plasma levels of Vtg and most of the reproductive parameters were restored 146\u00a0days after treatments. However, although 50% of the control fish underwent sex reversal as expected at the third RC, male-to female sex change was prevented by both EE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentrations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-76902-9","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,18]],"date-time":"2020-11-18T11:05:54Z","timestamp":1605697554000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["17\u03b1-ethynylestradiol prevents the natural male-to-female sex change in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"M. Pilar","family":"Garc\u00eda Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Cabas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M. 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