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Prospective study of 50 consecutive eyes with\u00a0diabetic macular edema\u00a0treated\u00a0with ranibizumab and 12\u00a0months of follow-up.\u00a0Primary endpoint:\u00a0to assess differences between non-vitrectomized and vitrectomized eyes in the number injections needed to control\u00a0the edema. Secondary endpoints:\u00a0comparison of groups regarding best corrected visual acuity,\u00a0central foveal thickness and thickness of seven retinal layers. 46 eyes from 38 patients, 10 vitrectomized and 36 non-vitrectomized, completed the follow-up. At\u00a0month 12, the two groups achieved an equivalent anatomical outcome and needed a similar number of ranibizumab intravitreal injections. In vitrectomized eyes final\u00a0visual acuity was\u00a0worse when baseline retinal nerve fiber layers in the central foveal subfield were thicker, showing a strong correlation (r\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.942, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A similar, albeit moderate correlation was observed in non-vitrectomized eyes (r\u2009=\u2009\u2212\u20090.504, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.002). A decrease of retinal nerve fiber layers inner ring thickness was correlated with a better final\u00a0visual acuity\u00a0only in vitrectomized eyes (r\u2009=\u20090.734, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.016). The effect of diabetic macular edema seems to be worse in vitrectomized eyes, with a thinner inner retina reservoir.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Clinicaltrials.govNCT04387604.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-02532-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]],"date-time":"2021-11-29T11:02:58Z","timestamp":1638183778000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Vitrectomized versus non-vitrectomized eyes in diabetic macular edema response to ranibizumab\u2014retinal layers thickness as prognostic biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Bernardete","family":"Pessoa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Heitor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Constan\u00e7a","family":"Coelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Figueira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Angelina","family":"Meireles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Nuno","family":"Melo-Beir\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2532_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"346","DOI":"10.1007\/s11892-012-0283-6","volume":"12","author":"J Ding","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ding, J. & Wong, T. 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