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Culture trials were performed outdoors using the nutient rich effluent from a shrimp farm employing recirculated aquaculture systems. Similar bioremediation efficiencies were obtained in cultures using a single polyculture tank (1\u00a0T) or two trophic levels separated tanks (2\u00a0T; \u2248 0.3 and 0.6 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> operational area, respectively), with a reduction of 74\u201387% for particulate organic matter (POM), 56\u201364% for dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and 60\u201365% for dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP). <jats:italic>Hediste diversicolor<\/jats:italic> adapted well to culture conditions, reaching densities up to 5.000 ind. m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> (\u2248 78\u201398\u00a0g\u00a0m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup>). <jats:italic>Arenicola marina<\/jats:italic> failed to cope with water temperature that exceeded the species thermal limits, displaying a survival\u2009&lt;\u200910% (20 \u00b0C often pointed as the maximum thermal threshold for this species). Productivity of <jats:italic>S. ramosissima<\/jats:italic> with 1\u00a0T was about twice that obtained with 2\u00a0T (\u2248 150\u2013170 and \u2248 60\u201390\u00a0g FW m<jats:sup>\u22122<\/jats:sup> edible aboveground biomass, respectively). The yellowish coloration of cultured plants was likely due to the chemical oxidation and rapid sand filtration pre-treatment applied to the brackish groundwater used in the aquaculture facility, that removed iron (and probably other essential elements). Overall, 1\u00a0T design combining <jats:italic>H. diversicolor<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>S. ramosissima<\/jats:italic> displayed the best bioremediation performance and biomass production, while also allowing reducing in half the operational area required to implement this IMTA framework.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85922-y","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]],"date-time":"2021-03-23T11:04:44Z","timestamp":1616497484000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Recovering wasted nutrients from shrimp farming through the combined culture of polychaetes and halophytes"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Daniel","family":"Jer\u00f3nimo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana Isabel","family":"Lilleb\u00f8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Cremades","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Paulo","family":"Cartaxana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ricardo","family":"Calado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"85922_CR1","first-page":"2463","volume":"3","author":"T Chopin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chopin, T. et al. 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