{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T20:01:53Z","timestamp":1772136113158,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621900800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G.0929.15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G.0929.15"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G.0929.15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G.0929.15"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    imaging is a widely used microscopy technique to simultaneously study cellular activity in multiple cells. The desired information consists of cell-specific time series of pixel intensity values, in which the fluorescence intensity represents cellular activity. For static scenes, cellular signal extraction is straightforward, however multiple analysis challenges are present in recordings of contractile tissues, like those of the enteric nervous system (ENS). This layer of critical neurons, embedded within the muscle layers of the gut wall, shows optical overlap between neighboring neurons, intensity changes due to cell activity, and constant movement. These challenges reduce the applicability of classical segmentation techniques and traditional stack alignment and regions-of-interest (ROIs) selection workflows. Therefore, a signal extraction method capable of dealing with moving cells and is insensitive to large intensity changes in consecutive frames is needed. Here we propose a b-spline active contour method to delineate and track neuronal cell bodies based on local and global energy terms. We develop both a single as well as a double-contour approach. The latter takes advantage of the appearance of GCaMP expressing cells, and tracks the nucleus\u2019 boundaries together with the cytoplasmic contour, providing a stable delineation of neighboring, overlapping cells despite movement and intensity changes. The tracked contours can also serve as landmarks to relocate additional and manually-selected ROIs. This improves the total yield of efficacious cell tracking and allows signal extraction from other cell compartments like neuronal processes. Compared to manual delineation and other segmentation methods, the proposed method can track cells during large tissue deformations and high-intensity changes such as during neuronal firing events, while preserving the shape of the extracted Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    signal. The analysis package represents a significant improvement to available Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    imaging analysis workflows for ENS recordings and other systems where movement challenges traditional Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    signal extraction workflows.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-90448-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]],"date-time":"2021-05-25T06:03:15Z","timestamp":1621922595000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Extracting neuronal activity signals from microscopy recordings of contractile tissue using B-spline Explicit Active Surfaces (BEAS) cell tracking"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Youcef","family":"Kazwiny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Pedrosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Zhiqing","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Werend","family":"Boesmans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jan","family":"D\u2019hooge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pieter","family":"Vanden Berghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"90448_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/s13238-013-2103-4","volume":"4","author":"Y Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen, Y. et al. Structural insight into enhanced calcium indicator GCaMP3 and GCaMPJ to promote further improvement. Protein Cell 4, 299\u2013309 (2013).","journal-title":"Protein Cell"},{"key":"90448_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.02.011","volume":"73","author":"C Grienberger","year":"2012","unstructured":"Grienberger, C. & Konnerth, A. Imaging Calcium in Neurons. Neuron 73, 862\u2013885 (2012).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"90448_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e42914","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.42914","volume":"8","author":"Z Li","year":"2019","unstructured":"Li, Z. et al. Regional complexity in enteric neuron wiring reflects diversity of motility patterns in the mouse large intestine. Elife 8, e42914 (2019).","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"90448_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2015.12.012","volume":"89","author":"W Yang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yang, W. et al. Simultaneous multi-plane imaging of neural circuits. Neuron 89, 269\u2013284 (2016).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"90448_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/ENEURO.0417-17.2018","author":"KI Chisholm","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chisholm, K. I., Khovanov, N., Lopes, D. M., La Russa, F. & McMahon, S. B. Large scale in vivo recording of sensory neuron activity with GCaMP6. eNeuro https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1523\/ENEURO.0417-17.2018 (2018).","journal-title":"eNeuro"},{"key":"90448_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00018-020-03543-6","volume":"77","author":"C Fung","year":"2020","unstructured":"Fung, C. & VandenBerghe, P. Functional circuits and signal processing in the enteric nervous system. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 77, 4505 (2020).","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"90448_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1605","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1476-5381.2010.00988.x","volume":"163","author":"JT Russell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Russell, J. T. Imaging calcium signals in vivo: a powerful tool in physiology and pharmacology. Br. J. Pharmacol. 163, 1605\u20131625 (2011).","journal-title":"Br. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"90448_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2020.02.016","volume":"32","author":"A Harel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Harel, A. & Ryan, T. The memory toolbox: how genetic manipulations and cellular imaging are transforming our understanding of learned information. Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci. 32, 136\u2013147 (2020).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Behav. Sci."},{"key":"90448_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.32","author":"JB Furness","year":"2012","unstructured":"Furness, J. B. The enteric nervous system and neurogastroenterology. Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nrgastro.2012.32 (2012).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"90448_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00436\/abstract","volume":"9","author":"GW Hennig","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hennig, G. W. et al. Use of genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) combined with advanced motion tracking techniques to examine the behavior of neurons and glia in the enteric nervous system of the intact murine colon. Front Cell Neurosci. 9, 436. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2015.00436\/abstract (2015).","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci."},{"issue":"3","key":"90448_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.5056\/jnm15096","volume":"21","author":"W Boesmans","year":"2015","unstructured":"Boesmans, W., Hao, M. M. & Vanden, B. P. Optical tools to investigate cellular activity in the intestinal wall. J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 21(3), 337\u2013351 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"90448_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2017.07.031","volume":"291","author":"EA Pnevmatikakis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pnevmatikakis, E. A. & Giovannucci, A. NoRMCorre: an online algorithm for piecewise rigid motion correction of calcium imaging data. J. Neurosci. Methods 291, 83\u201394 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Methods"},{"key":"90448_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2013.00183","volume":"7","author":"W Boesmans","year":"2013","unstructured":"Boesmans, W. et al. Imaging neuron-glia interactions in the enteric nervous system. Front Cell Neurosci. 7, 183 (2013).","journal-title":"Front Cell Neurosci."},{"issue":"6","key":"90448_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e1005526","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005526","volume":"13","author":"SA Romano","year":"2017","unstructured":"Romano, S. A. et al. An integrated calcium imaging processing toolbox for the analysis of neuronal population dynamics. PLOS Comput. Biol. 13(6), e1005526. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1005526 (2017).","journal-title":"PLOS Comput. Biol."},{"key":"90448_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2014.03.007","volume":"55","author":"R Maruyama","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maruyama, R. et al. Detecting cells using non-negative matrix factorization on calcium imaging data. Neural Netw. 55, 11\u201319 (2014).","journal-title":"Neural Netw."},{"key":"90448_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.813139","volume":"12","author":"J Kybic","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kybic, J. & Unser, M. Fast parametric elastic image registration. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 12, 1427\u20131442 (2003).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"90448_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2017.2734169","volume":"37","author":"DV Sorokin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sorokin, D. V., Peterlik, I., Tektonidis, M., Rohr, K. & Matula, P. Non-rigid contour-based registration of cell nuclei in 2-D live cell microscopy images using a dynamic elasticity model. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 37, 173\u2013184 (2018).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"90448_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.3626","volume":"34","author":"O Hilsenbeck","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hilsenbeck, O. et al. Software tools for single-cell tracking and quantification of cellular and molecular properties. Nat. Biotechnol. 34, 703\u2013706 (2016).","journal-title":"Nat. Biotechnol."},{"key":"90448_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bise R, Kanade T, Yin Z, Huh SIL. Automatic cell tracking applied to analysis of cell migration in wound healing assay. In: Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBS. 2011.","DOI":"10.1109\/IEMBS.2011.6091525"},{"key":"90448_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2006.870201","volume":"53","author":"X Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen, X., Zhou, X. & Wong, S. T. C. Automated segmentation, classification, and tracking of cancer cell nuclei in time-lapse microscopy. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 53, 762\u2013766 (2006).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng."},{"key":"90448_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dufour A, Olivo-Marin JC. Tracking live cells in 4D microscopy: From active surfaces to active meshes. In: Conference Record - Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers. 2008.","DOI":"10.1109\/ACSSC.2008.5074359"},{"issue":"3","key":"90448_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2808","volume":"11","author":"N Chenouard","year":"2014","unstructured":"Chenouard, N. et al. Objective comparison of particle tracking methods. Nat. Methods 11(3), 281\u2013289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nmeth.2808 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"90448_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2014.037","volume":"9","author":"A Rizk","year":"2014","unstructured":"Rizk, A. et al. Segmentation and quantification of subcellular structures in fluorescence microscopy images using Squassh. Nat. Protoc. 9(3), 586\u2013596. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nprot.2014.037 (2014).","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"90448_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2008.10.029","volume":"42","author":"VT Ta","year":"2009","unstructured":"Ta, V. T., L\u00e9zoray, O., Elmoataz, A. & Sch\u00fcpp, S. Graph-based tools for microscopic cellular image segmentation. Pattern Recognit. 42, 1113\u20131125 (2009).","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"90448_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2015.00436","author":"GW Hennig","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hennig, G. W. et al. Use of genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) combined with advanced motion tracking techniques to examine the behavior of neurons and glia in the enteric nervous system of the intact murine colon. Front Cell Neurosci. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fncel.2015.00436 (2015)."},{"issue":"1","key":"90448_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2008.06.018","volume":"13","author":"D Padfield","year":"2009","unstructured":"Padfield, D., Rittscher, J., Thomas, N. & Roysam, B. Spatio-temporal cell cycle phase analysis using level sets and fast marching methods. Med. Image Anal. 13(1), 143\u2013155 (2009).","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"90448_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"852","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2009.2038693","volume":"29","author":"O Dzyubachyk","year":"2010","unstructured":"Dzyubachyk, O., Van Cappellen, W. A., Essers, J., Niessen, W. J. & Meijering, E. Advanced level-set-based cell tracking in time-lapse fluorescence microscopy. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 29, 852\u2013867 (2010).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"90448_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1109\/83.902291","volume":"10","author":"TF Chan","year":"2001","unstructured":"Chan, T. F. & Vese, L. A. Active contours without edges. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 10, 266\u2013277 (2001).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"90448_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1396","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2005.852790","volume":"14","author":"A Dufour","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dufour, A. et al. Segmenting and tracking fluorescent cells in dynamic 3-D microscopy with coupled active surfaces. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 14, 1396\u20131410 (2005).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"90448_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2002.806291","volume":"10","author":"N Ray","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ray, N., Acton, S. T. & Ley, K. Tracking leukocytes in vivo with shape and size constrained active contours. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 10, 1222\u20131235 (2002).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"90448_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1925","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2010.2099125","volume":"20","author":"A Dufour","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dufour, A., Thibeaux, R., Labruy\u00e8re, E., Guill\u00e9n, N. & Olivo-Marin, J. C. 3-D active meshes: fast discrete deformable models for cell tracking in 3-D time-lapse microscopy. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 20, 1925 (2011).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"90448_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2011.2161484","volume":"21","author":"D Barbosa","year":"2012","unstructured":"Barbosa, D. et al. B-spline explicit active surfaces: an efficient framework for real-time 3-D region-based segmentation. IEEE Trans. Image Process. 21, 241\u2013251 (2012).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Image Process."},{"key":"90448_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6338","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3515459","volume":"37","author":"A Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen, A., Deeley, M. A., Niermann, K. J., Moretti, L. & Dawant, B. M. Combining registration and active shape models for the automatic segmentation of the lymph node regions in head and neck CT images. Med. Phys. 37, 6338\u20136346 (2010).","journal-title":"Med. Phys."},{"issue":"3","key":"90448_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1109\/TUFFC.2016.2638080","volume":"64","author":"J Pedrosa","year":"2017","unstructured":"Pedrosa, J. et al. Left ventricular myocardial segmentation in 3-D ultrasound recordings: effect of different endocardial and epicardial coupling strategies. IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control 64(3), 525\u2013536 (2017).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Ultrason. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control"},{"key":"90448_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ultrasmedbio.2012.08.008","volume":"39","author":"D Barbosa","year":"2013","unstructured":"Barbosa, D. et al. Fast and fully automatic 3-D echocardiographic segmentation using B-spline explicit active surfaces: feasibility study and validation in a clinical setting. Ultrasound Med. Biol. 39, 89\u2013101 (2013).","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med. Biol."},{"key":"90448_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barbosa D, Bernard O, Heyde B, Dietenbeck T, Houle H, Friboulet D, et al. B-spline explicit active tracking of surfaces (BEATS): Application to real-time 3D segmentation and tracking of the left ventricle in 3D echocardiography. In: IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS. 2012. p. 224\u20137.","DOI":"10.1109\/ULTSYM.2012.0056"},{"key":"90448_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A Fully Global Approach to Image Segmentation via Coupled Curve Evolution Equations. J Vis Commun Image Represent [Internet]. 2002 Mar 1 [cited 2017 Sep 25];13(1\u20132):195\u2013216. Available from: http:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/pii\/S1047320301905000","DOI":"10.1006\/jvci.2001.0500"},{"key":"90448_CR38","unstructured":"Solomon B, Gray A. Modern differential geometry of curves and surfaces. Am Math Mon. 2006;"},{"key":"90448_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep20986","author":"AI Mohammed","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mohammed, A. I. et al. An integrative approach for analyzing hundreds of neurons in task performing mice using wide-field calcium imaging. Sci. Rep. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/srep20986 (2016).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"90448_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2017.07.007","volume":"42","author":"P Morais","year":"2017","unstructured":"Morais, P. et al. A competitive strategy for atrial and aortic tract segmentation based on deformable models. Med. Image Anal. 42, 102\u2013116 (2017).","journal-title":"Med. Image Anal."},{"key":"90448_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2002.1009381","volume":"21","author":"HJ Johnson","year":"2002","unstructured":"Johnson, H. J. & Christensen, G. E. Consistent landmark and intensity-based image registration. IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 21, 450\u2013461 (2002).","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"},{"key":"90448_CR42","unstructured":"Broit C. Optimal registration of deformed images. Optimal registration of deformed images. 1981."},{"key":"90448_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bogovic JA, Hanslovsky P, Wong A, Saalfeld S. Robust registration of calcium images by learned contrast synthesis. In: Proceedings\u2014International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging. 2016.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI.2016.7493463"},{"key":"90448_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(86)90044-0","volume":"19","author":"A Goshtasby","year":"1986","unstructured":"Goshtasby, A. Piecewise linear mapping functions for image registration. Pattern Recognit. 19, 459\u2013466 (1986).","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"key":"90448_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e201207004","DOI":"10.5936\/csbj.201207004","volume":"1","author":"C Gr\u01cedinaru","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gr\u01cedinaru, C. et al. Assessment of automated analyses of cell migration on flat and nanostructured surfaces. Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J. Res. Netw. Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. 1, e201207004 (2012).","journal-title":"Comput. Struct. Biotechnol. J. Res. Netw. Comput. Struct. Biotechnol."},{"key":"90448_CR46","volume-title":"Advances in experimental medicine and biology","author":"GW Hennig","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hennig, G. W. Spatio-temporal mapping and the enteric nervous system. In Advances in experimental medicine and biology (eds Brierley, S. & Costa, M.) (Springer, Cham, 2016)."},{"key":"90448_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01448.x","author":"GW Hennig","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hennig, G. W. et al. ICC-MY coordinate smooth muscle electrical and mechanical activity in the murine small intestine. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1365-2982.2009.01448.x (2010).","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"90448_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.4473","volume":"14","author":"V Ulman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Ulman, V. et al. An objective comparison of cell-tracking algorithms. Nat. Methods. 14, 1141\u20131152 (2017).","journal-title":"Nat. Methods."},{"key":"90448_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1007\/s10851-007-0002-0","volume":"28","author":"X Bresson","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bresson, X., Esedoglu, S., Vandergheynst, P., Thiran, J. P. & Osher, S. Fast global minimization of the active contour\/snake model. J. Math. Imaging Vis. 28, 151\u2013167 (2007).","journal-title":"J. Math. Imaging Vis."},{"issue":"6","key":"90448_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.08.009","volume":"63","author":"EA Mukamel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mukamel, E. A., Nimmerjahn, A. & Schnitzer, M. J. Automated analysis of cellular signals from large-scale calcium imaging data. Neuron 63(6), 747\u2013760 (2009).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"90448_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e38173","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.38173","volume":"8","author":"A Giovannucci","year":"2019","unstructured":"Giovannucci, A. et al. CaImAn an open source tool for scalable calcium imaging data analysis. Elife 8, e38173 (2019).","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"90448_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12354","volume":"499","author":"TW Chen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chen, T. W. et al. Ultrasensitive fluorescent proteins for imaging neuronal activity. Nature 499, 295\u2013300 (2013).","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-90448-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-90448-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-90448-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,3]],"date-time":"2022-12-03T03:43:48Z","timestamp":1670039028000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-021-90448-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12]]}},"alternative-id":["90448"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-021-90448-4","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"uri","id":"","asserted-by":"subject"}],"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.12.15.422837","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 January 2021","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"6 May 2021","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 May 2021","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"10937"}}