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We calculated the standardized thalamic volumetric difference between these groups in a pilot sample to obtain a statistical power of 80% at a 5% significance level. Hence, we measured thalamic volumes from 15 patients with nonpainful DPN (10 women, mean age\u2009=\u200949\u00a0years, standard deviation [SD]\u2009=\u200911.5) and from 13 patients with painful DPN (8 women, mean age\u2009=\u200943\u00a0years, SD\u2009=\u200912.5) by using a manual segmentation approach. A volumetric difference of approximately 15% was found between the nonpainful (mean\u2009=\u20095072 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, SD\u2009=\u2009528.1) and painful (mean\u2009=\u20095976 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, SD\u2009=\u2009643.1) DPN groups (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Curiously, a volumetric difference between the left (mean\u2009=\u20095198 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, SD\u2009=\u2009495.0) and the right (mean\u2009=\u20094946 mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, SD\u2009=\u2009590.6) thalamus was also found in patients with nonpainful DPN (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01), but not in patients with painful DPN (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.97). Patients with nonpainful DPN have lower thalamic volumes than those with painful DPN, especially in the right thalamus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-16699-x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]],"date-time":"2022-07-29T13:17:27Z","timestamp":1659100647000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Thalamic volumetric abnormalities in type 1 diabetes mellitus and \u2018peripheral\u2019 neuropathy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Jo\u00e3o L.","family":"Novo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 J.","family":"Ruas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Leonardo M.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Margarida","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Sofia","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Jos\u00e9","family":"de Bastos-Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"16699_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17016","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.16","volume":"3","author":"A Katsarou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Katsarou, A. et al. 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