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Here the first putative occurrence of choanoflagellates in sediments from the Cretaceous (Cenomanian\u2013Turonian) is described by means of several cutting-edge petrographic techniques, and a discussion of its paleoenvironmental significance is performed. Furthermore, their placement in the organic matter classification systems is argued, with a placement in the Zoomorph Subgroup (Palynomorph Group) of the dispersed organic matter classification system being proposed. Regarding the ICCP System 1994, incorporation of choanoflagellates is, at a first glance, straightforward within the liptinite group, but the definition of a new maceral may be necessary to accommodate the genetic origin of these organisms. While modern choanoflagellates may bring light to the cellular foundations of animal origins, this discovery may provide an older term of comparison to their extant specimens and provide guidelines for possible identification of these organic components in other locations and ages throughout the geological record.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-26972-8","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T11:03:09Z","timestamp":1674471789000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["First putative occurrence in the fossil record of choanoflagellates, the sister group of Metazoa"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Carolina","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o Graciano","family":"Mendon\u00e7a Filho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Mat\u00edas","family":"Reolid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds V.","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3nio Donizeti","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jaqueline Torres","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Carine","family":"L\u00e9zin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"26972_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ctdb.2022.01.001","volume":"147","author":"DS Booth","year":"2022","unstructured":"Booth, D. 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