{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T01:04:04Z","timestamp":1779325444179,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725840000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725840000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007601","name":"Horizon 2020","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Grant 101016167"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Grant 101016167"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007601","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-024-71475-3","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T21:02:25Z","timestamp":1725915745000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Chemosensory assessment and impact on quality of life in neurosensorial cluster of the post COVID 19 syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Elisa","family":"Gentilotti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Gorska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Paola","family":"Cecchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Mirandola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Meroi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pasquale","family":"De Nardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Sartori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara Konishi","family":"De Toffoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samir","family":"Kumar-Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianluigi","family":"Zanusso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Monaco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evelina","family":"Tacconelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the ORCHESTRA-UNIVR Study Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mariana Nunes Pinho","family":"Guedes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gaia","family":"Maccarrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo Maria","family":"Canziani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruth Joanna","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Vitali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Tomassini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Barana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria Diletta","family":"Pezzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Sibani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fulvia","family":"Mazzaferri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Savoldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elda","family":"Righi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Franchina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Mongardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Sorbello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Emiliani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaella","family":"Cordioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Esposito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Concetta","family":"Sciammarella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Rosini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Perlini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filippo Cioli","family":"Puviani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Fasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Visentin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore Hermes","family":"Dall\u2019O\u2019","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Zanchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maddalena","family":"Armellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enrico","family":"Gibbin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Rovigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Tavernaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matilde","family":"Rocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Scardellato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Luca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Castelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Lattanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmine","family":"Cutone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna Giulia","family":"Salvadori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Bonato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lidia","family":"Del Piccolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maddalena","family":"Marcanti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco Pattaro","family":"Zonta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Cal\u00ec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Mason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Perlini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angelina","family":"Konnova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akshita","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Smet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"An","family":"Hotterbeekx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Surbhi","family":"Malhotra-Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Scipione","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elisa","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Cataudella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara Della","family":"Casa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Balasubramanian","family":"Chandramouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Gioiosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan Mata","family":"Naranjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maurizio","family":"Ortali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Cecchetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Davide","family":"Gibellini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"71475_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1177\/19458924221120117","volume":"37","author":"JB Gary","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gary, J. B. et al. Qualitative olfactory dysfunction and COVID-19: An evidence-based review with recommendations for the clinician. Am. J. Rhinol. Allergy. 37(1), 95\u2013101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/19458924221120117 (2023) (Epub 2022 Aug 11).","journal-title":"Am. J. Rhinol. Allergy."},{"issue":"1","key":"71475_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5152","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-18963-y","volume":"11","author":"D Pierron","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pierron, D. et al. Smell and taste changes are early indicators of the COVID-19 pandemic and political decision effectiveness. Nat. Commun. 11(1), 5152. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41467-020-18963-y (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"issue":"6","key":"71475_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1111\/coa.13620","volume":"45","author":"J Rocke","year":"2020","unstructured":"Rocke, J., Hopkins, C., Philpott, C. & Kumar, N. Is loss of sense of smell a diagnostic marker in COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin. Otolaryngol. 45(6), 914\u2013922. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/coa.13620 (2020) (Epub 2020 Sep 16).","journal-title":"Clin. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"71475_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_484_20","volume":"12","author":"M Esmaeili","year":"2021","unstructured":"Esmaeili, M. et al. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunction in 2019 novel coronavirus: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Int. J. Prev. Med. 12, 170. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/ijpvm.IJPVM_484_20 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. J. Prev. Med."},{"issue":"3","key":"71475_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12030430","volume":"12","author":"CS von Bartheld","year":"2023","unstructured":"von Bartheld, C. S. & Wang, L. Prevalence of olfactory dysfunction with the omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cells. 12(3), 430. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells12030430 (2023).","journal-title":"Cells."},{"issue":"20","key":"71475_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2089","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6771","volume":"323","author":"G Spinato","year":"2020","unstructured":"Spinato, G. et al. Alterations in smell or taste in mildly symptomatic outpatients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. JAMA. 323(20), 2089\u20132090. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2020.6771 (2020).","journal-title":"JAMA."},{"issue":"1","key":"71475_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-021-05635-y","volume":"43","author":"MP Cecchini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Cecchini, M. P. et al. Persistent chemosensory dysfunction in a young patient with mild COVID-19 with partial recovery 15 months after the onset. Neurol. Sci. 43(1), 99\u2013104. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10072-021-05635-y (2022) (Epub 2021 Oct 2).","journal-title":"Neurol. Sci."},{"key":"71475_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2023.04.040","author":"H Honda","year":"2023","unstructured":"Honda, H. et al. Prolonged symptoms after COVID-19 in Japan: A nationwide survey of the symptoms and their impact on patients\u2019 quality of life. Am. J. Med. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjmed.2023.04.040 (2023) (Epub ahead of print).","journal-title":"Am. J. Med."},{"key":"71475_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000531373","author":"H Tsuchiya","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tsuchiya, H. COVID-19 oral sequelae: Persistent gustatory and saliva secretory dysfunctions after recovery from COVID-19. Med. Princ. Pract. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000531373 (2023) (Epub ahead of print).","journal-title":"Med. Princ. Pract."},{"issue":"8","key":"71475_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.1379","volume":"146","author":"P Boscolo-Rizzo","year":"2020","unstructured":"Boscolo-Rizzo, P. et al. Evolution of altered sense of smell or taste in patients with mildly symptomatic COVID-19. JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 146(8), 729\u2013732. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoto.2020.1379 (2020).","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"issue":"1","key":"71475_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1177\/01945998211061511","volume":"167","author":"LA Vaira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vaira, L. A. et al. Prevalence of persistent olfactory disorders in patients with COVID-19: A psychophysical case-control study with 1-year follow-up. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 167(1), 183\u2013186. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/01945998211061511 (2022) (Epub 2021 Nov 23).","journal-title":"Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"71475_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"102107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102107","volume":"62","author":"E Gentilotti","year":"2023","unstructured":"Gentilotti, E. et al. Clinical phenotypes and quality of life to define post-COVID-19 syndrome: A cluster analysis of the multinational, prospective ORCHESTRA cohort. EClinicalMedicine. 62, 102107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102107 (2023).","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine."},{"issue":"9","key":"71475_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2230637","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.30637","volume":"5","author":"AC Mendes Paranhos","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mendes Paranhos, A. C. et al. Sociodemographic characteristics and comorbidities of patients with long COVID and persistent olfactory dysfunction. JAMA Netw. Open. 5(9), e2230637. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2022.30637 (2022).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open."},{"issue":"1","key":"71475_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.4193\/Rhin22.221","volume":"61","author":"V Asvapoositkul","year":"2023","unstructured":"Asvapoositkul, V. et al. Therapeutic options of post-COVID-19 related olfactory dysfunction: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Rhinology. 61(1), 2\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4193\/Rhin22.221 (2023).","journal-title":"Rhinology."},{"issue":"9","key":"71475_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.1728","volume":"145","author":"KL Whitcroft","year":"2019","unstructured":"Whitcroft, K. L. & Hummel, T. Clinical diagnosis and current management strategies for olfactory dysfunction: A review. JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 145(9), 846\u2013853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamaoto.2019.1728 (2019).","journal-title":"JAMA Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg."},{"key":"71475_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"001","DOI":"10.1093\/chemse\/bjac001","volume":"47","author":"ME Hannum","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hannum, M. E. et al. Taste loss as a distinct symptom of COVID-19: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chem. Senses. 47, 001. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/chemse\/bjac001 (2022).","journal-title":"Chem. Senses."},{"issue":"3","key":"71475_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-006-0173-0","volume":"264","author":"T Hummel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Hummel, T., Kobal, G., Gudziol, H. & Mackay-Sim, A. Normative data for the \u201cSniffin\u2019 Sticks\u201d including tests of odor identification, odor discrimination, and olfactory thresholds: An upgrade based on a group of more than 3,000 subjects. Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol. 264(3), 237\u2013243. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-006-0173-0 (2007) (Epub 2006 Sep 23).","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"issue":"2","key":"71475_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-0088-y","volume":"256","author":"BN Landis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Landis, B. N. et al. \u201cTaste Strips\u201d\u2014a rapid, lateralized, gustatory bedside identification test based on impregnated filter papers. J. Neurol. 256(2), 242\u2013248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00415-009-0088-y (2009) (Epub 2009 Feb 7).","journal-title":"J. Neurol."},{"key":"71475_CR19","unstructured":"Follow-up of COVID-19 long term sequelae study protocol. Prospective multinational cohort study on characteristics and determinants of post-COVID-19 long-term sequelae. https:\/\/orchestra-cohort.eu\/protocols (Accessed 3 Aug 2023)"},{"issue":"6","key":"71475_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.3760\/cma.j.cn115330-20230316-00117","volume":"58","author":"MF Liu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Liu, M. F. et al. Incidence and prognosis of olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions related to infection of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strain: A national multi-center survey of 35 566 population. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi. 58(6), 579\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3760\/cma.j.cn115330-20230316-00117 (2023).","journal-title":"Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi."},{"key":"71475_CR21","unstructured":"WHO. A clinical case definition of post COVID-19 condition by a Delphi consensus, 6 October 2021. Available at: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/WHO-2019-nCoV-Post_COVID-19_condition-Clinical_case_definition-2021.1 (Accessed 3 Aug 2023)"},{"key":"71475_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.712688","volume":"12","author":"M Lipoldov\u00e1","year":"2021","unstructured":"Lipoldov\u00e1, M. & Demant, P. Gene-specific sex effects on susceptibility to infectious diseases. Front. Immunol. 12, 712688 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"issue":"2","key":"71475_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2226575","DOI":"10.1080\/21645515.2023.22","volume":"19","author":"M Hara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Hara, M. et al. Comparison of self-reported symptoms in COVID-19 patients who had or had not previously received COVID-19 mRNA vaccination. Hum. Vaccin. Immunother. 19(2), 2226575. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/21645515.2023.22 (2023).","journal-title":"Hum. Vaccin. Immunother."},{"issue":"2","key":"71475_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.29964","volume":"132","author":"LA Vaira","year":"2022","unstructured":"Vaira, L. A. et al. New onset of smell and taste loss are common findings also in patients with symptomatic COVID-19 after complete vaccination. Laryngoscope. 132(2), 419\u2013421. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.29964 (2022) (Epub 2021 Nov 26).","journal-title":"Laryngoscope."},{"issue":"10","key":"71475_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22815","volume":"11","author":"SD Le Bon","year":"2021","unstructured":"Le Bon, S. D. et al. Making scents of loss of taste in COVID-19: Is self-reported loss of taste due to olfactory dysfunction? A prospective study using psychophysical testing. Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol. 11(10), 1504\u20131507. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alr.22815 (2021) (Epub 2021 May 19).","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"issue":"2","key":"71475_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.06.032","volume":"107","author":"KW Cooper","year":"2020","unstructured":"Cooper, K. W. et al. COVID-19 and the chemical senses: Supporting players take center stage. Neuron. 107(2), 219\u2013233. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuron.2020.06.032 (2020) (Epub 2020 Jul 1).","journal-title":"Neuron."},{"issue":"2","key":"71475_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"766","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26289","volume":"93","author":"P Manganotti","year":"2021","unstructured":"Manganotti, P. et al. Clinical neurophysiology and cerebrospinal liquor analysis to detect Guillain-Barr\u00e9 syndrome and polyneuritis cranialis in COVID-19 patients: A case series. J. Med. Virol. 93(2), 766\u2013774. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.26289 (2021) (Epub 2020 Jul 27).","journal-title":"J. Med. Virol."},{"key":"71475_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2020.625110","volume":"11","author":"N Meunier","year":"2021","unstructured":"Meunier, N., Briand, L., Jacquin-Piques, A., Brondel, L. & P\u00e9nicaud, L. COVID 19-induced smell and taste impairments: Putative impact on physiology. Front. Physiol. 11, 625110. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fphys.2020.625110 (2021).","journal-title":"Front. Physiol."},{"issue":"4","key":"71475_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2759","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00012.2023","volume":"103","author":"T Tsukahara","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tsukahara, T., Brann, D. H. & Datta, S. R. Mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2-associated anosmia. Physiol. Rev. 103(4), 2759\u20132766. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00012.2023 (2023) (Epub 2023 Jun 21).","journal-title":"Physiol. Rev."},{"issue":"9","key":"71475_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1105","DOI":"10.1002\/alr.22655","volume":"10","author":"CA Hintschich","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hintschich, C. A. et al. Psychophysical tests reveal impaired olfaction but preserved gustation in COVID-19 patients. Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol. 10(9), 1105\u20131107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/alr.22655 (2020) (Epub 2020 Jul 21).","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"issue":"3","key":"71475_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1007\/s00405-018-5248-1","volume":"276","author":"A Oleszkiewicz","year":"2019","unstructured":"Oleszkiewicz, A., Schriever, V. A., Croy, I., H\u00e4hner, A. & Hummel, T. Updated Sniffin\u2019 Sticks normative data based on an extended sample of 9139 subjects. Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol. 276(3), 719\u2013728. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00405-018-5248-1 (2019) (Epub 2018 Dec 15).","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"issue":"3","key":"71475_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.20101","volume":"119","author":"T Hummel","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hummel, T. et al. Effects of olfactory training in patients with olfactory loss. Laryngoscope. 119(3), 496\u2013499. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/lary.20101 (2009).","journal-title":"Laryngoscope."},{"issue":"4","key":"71475_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.7818","volume":"7","author":"R Sharetts","year":"2024","unstructured":"Sharetts, R., Moein, S. T., Khan, R. & Doty, R. L. Long-term taste and smell outcomes after COVID-19. JAMA Netw. Open. 7(4), e247818. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2024.7818 (2024).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open."},{"issue":"1","key":"71475_CR34","first-page":"1","volume":"23","author":"K Ghods","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ghods, K. & Alaee, A. Olfactory and taste disorders in patients suffering from Covid-19, a review from the literature. J. Dent. Shiraz Univ. Med. Sci. 23(1), 1\u20136 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Dent. Shiraz Univ. Med. Sci."},{"issue":"11","key":"71475_CR35","first-page":"1191","volume":"102","author":"J Wang","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wang, J., Liu, R., Ma, H. & Zhang, W. The pathogenesis of Covid-19-related taste disorder and treatments. Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med. 102(11), 1191\u20131198 (2023).","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Oral Biol. Med."},{"key":"71475_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nutos.2024.05.003","volume":"55","author":"S Boesveldt","year":"2024","unstructured":"Boesveldt, S., Postma, E. M., Boek, W., Kamalski, D. M. A. & van Dijk, B. Longitudinal follow-up of taste function and trigeminal perception in COVID-19 patients with olfactory dysfunction\u2014The COVORTS study. Clin. Nutr. Open Sci. 55, 249\u2013262 (2024).","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. Open Sci."},{"key":"71475_CR37","unstructured":"Nextstrain SARS-CoV-2 resources. https:\/\/nextstrain.org\/sars-cov-2\/ (Accessed 3 Aug 2023)"},{"issue":"4","key":"71475_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1007\/s004050050223","volume":"257","author":"G Kobal","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kobal, G. et al. Multicenter investigation of 1,036 subjects using a standardized method for the assessment of olfactory function combining tests of odor identification, odor discrimination, and olfactory thresholds. Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol. 257(4), 205\u2013211. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s004050050223 (2000).","journal-title":"Eur. Arch. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"issue":"1","key":"71475_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1111\/COA.13636","volume":"46","author":"C Hopkins","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hopkins, C. et al. Management of new onset loss of Journal Pre-proof 47 sense of smell during the COVID-19 pandemic\u2014BRS Consensus Guidelines. Clin. Otolaryngol. 46(1), 16\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/COA.13636 (2021).","journal-title":"Clin. Otolaryngol."},{"issue":"7","key":"71475_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1041","DOI":"10.1002\/ALR.22788","volume":"11","author":"C Huart","year":"2021","unstructured":"Huart, C. et al. Systemic corticosteroids in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related smell dysfunction: An international view. Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol. 11(7), 1041\u20131046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ALR.22788 (2021).","journal-title":"Int. Forum Allergy Rhinol."},{"key":"71475_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104853","volume":"141","author":"M Pieniak","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pieniak, M., Oleszkiewicz, A., Avaro, V., Calegari, F. & Hummel, T. Olfactory training\u2014Thirteen years of research reviewed. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 141, 104853. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2022.104853 (2022) (Epub 2022 Sep 5).","journal-title":"Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev."},{"key":"71475_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cecchini, M. P. et al. A cross-cultural survey of umami familiarity in European countries. Food Qual. Preference 74, 172\u2013178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodqual.2019.01.017"},{"key":"71475_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seabold, S. & Perktold, J. statsmodels: Econometric and statistical modeling with python. In Proceedings of the 9th Python in Science Conference (2010).","DOI":"10.25080\/Majora-92bf1922-011"},{"key":"71475_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Laurikkala, J. Improving identification of difficult small classes by balancing class distribution. In Artificial Intelligence in Medicine. AIME 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, (eds Quaglini, S. et al.) Vol 2101. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/3-540-48229-6_9 (Springer, 2001).","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-48229-6_9"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-71475-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-71475-3","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-71475-3.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,13]],"date-time":"2024-09-13T16:16:38Z","timestamp":1726244198000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-024-71475-3"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]}},"alternative-id":["71475"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-024-71475-3","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"13 December 2023","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 August 2024","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"9 September 2024","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"20951"}}