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In sedimentary habitats, many epipelic pennate diatoms exhibit photophobic migration under high light, a behaviour critical for avoiding photodamage and key to ecological success. While the ecophysiological significance of this behaviour is well-documented, the mechanisms linking light sensing to motility remain poorly understood. This study investigated whether the transthylakoidal proton gradient (\u0394pH), generated under high light, intervenes in the signal transduction mechanism driving photophobic migration. The impact of the \u0394pH inhibitors Nigericin and Carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone (FCCP) on the vertical migration of benthic pennate diatoms was monitored using non-destructive imaging chlorophyll fluorometry on intertidal diatom-dominated microphytobenthos biofilms. The results showed that \u0394pH inhibition significantly reduced the downward, high light-avoiding, migratory response, supporting the hypothesis that \u0394pH plays a central role in mediating this response. Additionally, results showed that the effective quantum yield of PSII and non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) were impacted by \u0394pH inhibition with a dose-dependent effect. These findings strongly support \u0394pH as an integrative signal linking physiological and behavioural photoprotection mechanisms and suggest that \u0394pH may also modulate intracellular signalling, explaining the efficient capacity of pennate diatoms to cope with high light exposure in benthic habitats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-07737-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T14:52:18Z","timestamp":1751381538000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Light induced transthylakoidal proton gradient is a key signal driving the downward migration of motile diatoms in sediments"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2167-818X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9r\u00f4me","family":"Morelle","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Johann","family":"Lavaud","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Douglas A.","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Silja","family":"Frankenbach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Ser\u00f4dio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"281","key":"7737_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1126\/science.281.5374.237","volume":"80","author":"CB Field","year":"1998","unstructured":"Field, C. 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