{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T11:23:07Z","timestamp":1769253787603,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752537600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["10.54499\/UIDB\/04585\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["10.54499\/UIDB\/04585\/2020"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>The present observational study aimed to identify the prevalence of oral health issues in this population and explore the relationship between oral health and factors relevant to athletic performance. One hundred and fourteen elite athletes triaged at a Sports Dentistry department from a university clinic were included for oral health assessment, self-reported periodontitis, basic erosive wear examination, and dental caries experience. They answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, oral health impact profile 14 to measure OHRQoL and OHV scale. Descriptive and inferential statistics assessed oral health outcomes and demographic or sport-related factors. Multivariable logistic regression explored predictors of poor oral health outcomes. The results reveal a high prevalence of oral health issues among elite athletes, with over half of the participants (51.8%) presenting two or more pathological or functional findings. Periodontal disease (55.1%), particularly gingivitis (51.8%), and dental caries (47.4%) were the two most common conditions, affecting nearly half of athletes. This high prevalence of oral conditions did not associate with worse OHRQoL and OHV. These results suggest that elite athletes face unique challenges regarding oral health, with some sex differences in oral health behaviors. Despite the high prevalence of oral diseases, related quality of life and values did not show any association, possibly due to the low perception of athletes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-10479-z","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T07:42:32Z","timestamp":1752651752000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Elite athletes\u2019 overall oral health, values and related quality of life: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"J\u00fadice","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Diogo","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o","family":"Botelho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Machado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Proen\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Luciano M. A.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Stamos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Fine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Jo\u00e3o","family":"Mendes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"10479_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(96)00211-0","volume":"44","author":"HC Gift","year":"1997","unstructured":"Gift, H. C., Atchison, K. A. & Dayton, C. M. Conceptualizing oral health and oral health-related quality of life. Soc. Sci. Med. 44, 601\u2013608 (1997).","journal-title":"Soc. Sci. Med."},{"key":"10479_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12689","volume":"50","author":"F Riva","year":"2022","unstructured":"Riva, F., Seoane, M., Reichenheim, M. E., Tsakos, G. & Celeste, R. K. Adult oral health-related quality of life instruments: A systematic review. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 50, 333\u2013338 (2022).","journal-title":"Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"10479_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J\u00fadice, A. et al. Sports Dentistry intricacies with season-related challenges and the Role of Athlete-centered outcomes. Front.  Oral Health (In press, 2025).","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1531653"},{"key":"10479_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2019.02.004","volume":"120","author":"JC Spanemberg","year":"2019","unstructured":"Spanemberg, J. C., Cardoso, J. A., Slob, E. M. G. B. & L\u00f3pez-L\u00f3pez, J. Quality of life related to oral health and its impact in adults. J. Stomatol. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. 120, 234\u2013239 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Stomatol. Oral Maxillofac. Surg."},{"key":"10479_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychsport.2014.07.004","volume":"16","author":"C Swann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Swann, C., Moran, A. & Piggott, D. Defining elite athletes: issues in the study of expert performance in sport psychology. Psychol. Sport Exerc. 16, 3\u201314 (2015).","journal-title":"Psychol. Sport Exerc."},{"key":"10479_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-06135-x","volume":"29","author":"J Buti","year":"2025","unstructured":"Buti, J. et al. Association between periodontitis and physical fitness in law enforcement workers. Clin. Oral Invest. 29, 99 (2025).","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Invest."},{"key":"10479_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.2478\/hukin-2022-0086","volume":"84","author":"H Solleveld","year":"2022","unstructured":"Solleveld, H., Slaets, B., Goedhart, A. & VandenBossche, L. Associations of masticatory muscles asymmetry and oral health with postural control and leg injuries of elite junior soccer players. J. Hum. Kinetics. 84, 21\u201331 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Hum. Kinetics"},{"key":"10479_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Stamos, A. et al. A suggested universal protocol for dental examination in sports. Dental Traumatology Edt. 12863 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/edt.12863 (2023).","DOI":"10.1111\/edt.12863"},{"key":"10479_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2007.11.008","volume":"61","author":"E von Elm","year":"2008","unstructured":"von Elm, E. et al. The strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. J. Clin. Epidemiol. 61, 344\u2013349 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Epidemiol."},{"key":"10479_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-007-0181-5","volume":"12","author":"D Bartlett","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bartlett, D., Ganss, C. & Lussi, A. Basic erosive wear examination (BEWE): a new scoring system for scientific and clinical needs. Clin. Oral Invest. 12, 65\u201368 (2008).","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Invest."},{"key":"10479_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.2007.00347.x","volume":"35","author":"AI Ismail","year":"2007","unstructured":"Ismail, A. I. et al. The international caries detection and assessment system (ICDAS): an integrated system for measuring dental caries. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 35, 170\u2013178 (2007).","journal-title":"Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"10479_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12352","volume":"68","author":"LS Alves","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alves, L. S., Susin, C., Dam\u00e9-Teixeira, N. & Maltz, M. Impact of different detection criteria on caries estimates and risk assessment. Int. Dent. J. 68, 144\u2013151 (2018).","journal-title":"Int. Dent. J."},{"key":"10479_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Botelho, J. et al. Relationship between blood and standard biochemistry levels with periodontitis in parkinson\u2019s disease patients: data from the NHANES 2011\u20132012. J Pers. Med. 10, (2020).","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm10030069"},{"key":"10479_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12621","volume":"49","author":"CB Edwards","year":"2021","unstructured":"Edwards, C. B., Randall, C. L. & McNeil, D. W. Development and validation of the oral health values scale. Comm. Dent. Oral Epid. 49, 454\u2013463 (2021).","journal-title":"Comm. Dent. Oral Epid"},{"key":"10479_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"672","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12050672","volume":"12","author":"V Machado","year":"2022","unstructured":"Machado, V. et al. Cross-Cultural adaptation and validation of the oral health values scale for the Portuguese population. JPM 12, 672 (2022).","journal-title":"JPM"},{"key":"10479_CR16","first-page":"55","volume":"22 140","author":"R Likert","year":"1932","unstructured":"Likert, R. A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives Psychol. 22 140, 55\u201355 (1932).","journal-title":"Archives Psychol."},{"key":"10479_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.15309\/17psd180208","volume":"18","author":"A Afonso","year":"2017","unstructured":"Afonso, A., Silva, I., Meneses, R. & Frias-Bulhosa, J. Oral Health-Related quality of life: Portuguese linguistic and cultural adaptation of OHIP-14. Psic Sa\u00fade Doen\u00e7as. 18, 374\u2013388 (2017).","journal-title":"Psic Sa\u00fade Doen\u00e7as"},{"key":"10479_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0528.1997.tb00941.x","volume":"25","author":"GD Slade","year":"1997","unstructured":"Slade, G. D. Derivation and validation of a short-form oral health impact profile. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 25, 284\u2013290 (1997).","journal-title":"Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"10479_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.3109\/00016356309011240","volume":"21","author":"H L\u00f6e","year":"1963","unstructured":"L\u00f6e, H. & Silness, J. Periodontal disease in pregnancy I. Prevalence and severity. Acta Odontol. Scand. 21, 533\u2013551 (1963).","journal-title":"Acta Odontol. Scand."},{"key":"10479_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm12081315","volume":"12","author":"V Machado","year":"2022","unstructured":"Machado, V. et al. Self-Reported measures of periodontitis in a Portuguese population: A validation study. J. Pers. Med. 12, 1315 (2022).","journal-title":"J. Pers. Med."},{"key":"10479_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094953","volume":"50","author":"I Needleman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Needleman, I. et al. Poor oral health including active caries in 187 UK professional male football players: clinical dental examination performed by dentists. Br. J. Sports Med. 50, 41\u201344 (2016).","journal-title":"Br. J. Sports Med."},{"key":"10479_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s13102-015-0004-y","volume":"7","author":"H Solleveld","year":"2015","unstructured":"Solleveld, H. & Goedhart, A. Vanden bossche, L. Associations between poor oral health and reinjuries in male elite soccer players: a cross-sectional self-report study. BMC Sports Sci. Med. Rehabil. 7, 11 (2015).","journal-title":"BMC Sports Sci. Med. Rehabil"},{"key":"10479_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"563","DOI":"10.1111\/cdoe.12392","volume":"46","author":"J Gallagher","year":"2018","unstructured":"Gallagher, J., Ashley, P., Petrie, A. & Needleman, I. Oral health and performance impacts in elite and professional athletes. Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol. 46, 563\u2013568 (2018).","journal-title":"Community Dent. Oral Epidemiol."},{"key":"10479_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2018.10.001","volume":"79","author":"M Minty","year":"2018","unstructured":"Minty, M. et al. Oral health and microbiota status in professional rugby players: A case-control study. J. Dent. 79, 53\u201360 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Dent."},{"key":"10479_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1080\/00913847.2018.1546105","volume":"47","author":"L Kragt","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kragt, L., Moen, M. H., Van Den Hoogenband, C. R. & Wolvius, E. B. Oral health among Dutch elite athletes prior to Rio 2016. Physician Sportsmed. 47, 182\u2013188 (2019).","journal-title":"Physician Sportsmed."},{"key":"10479_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1038\/s41405-021-00078-1","volume":"7","author":"C Opazo-Garc\u00eda","year":"2021","unstructured":"Opazo-Garc\u00eda, C., Moya-Salazar, J., Chicoma-Flores, K. & Contreras-Pulache, H. Oral health problems in high-performance athletes at 2019 Pan American games in lima: a descriptive study. BDJ Open. 7, 21 (2021).","journal-title":"BDJ Open."},{"key":"10479_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Butera, A. et al. Home oral care domiciliary protocol for the management of dental erosion in rugby players: A randomized clinical trial. JCM 11, 4893 (2022).","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm11164893"},{"key":"10479_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Merle, C. L. et al. Clinical findings and self-reported oral health status of biathletes and cross-country skiers in the preseason - a cohort study with a control group. Res. Sports Med. 1\u201315 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15438627.2022.2090251 (2022).","DOI":"10.1080\/15438627.2022.2090251"},{"key":"10479_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7777","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-023-05367-7","volume":"27","author":"HH Abdelrahman","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abdelrahman, H. H., Ammar, N., Hassan, M. G., Essam, W. & Amer, H. Erosive tooth wear and salivary parameters among competitive swimmers and non-swimmers in egypt: a cross-sectional study. Clin. Oral Invest. 27, 7777\u20137785 (2023).","journal-title":"Clin. Oral Invest."},{"key":"10479_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e70018","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.70018","volume":"10","author":"J Lanzetti","year":"2024","unstructured":"Lanzetti, J., Ferrati, F., Pavone, L. & Mussano, F. A pilot investigation into the use of teledentistry and artificial intelligence to assess dental Erosion in competitive swimmers. Clin. Exp. Dent. Res. 10, e70018 (2024).","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Dent. Res."},{"key":"10479_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2443018","DOI":"10.1080\/15502783.2024.2443018","volume":"22","author":"D Tripodi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Tripodi, D. et al. Association between salivary \/microbiological parameters, oral health and eating habits in young athletes. J. Int. Soc. Sports Nutr. 22, 2443018 (2025).","journal-title":"J. Int. Soc. Sports Nutr."},{"key":"10479_CR32","first-page":"270","volume":"24","author":"DA Gon\u00e7alves","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gon\u00e7alves, D. A., de Fabbro, G. D., Campos, A. L., Bigal, J. A. D. B., Speciali, J. G. & M. E. & Symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in the population: an epidemiological study. J. Orofac. Pain. 24, 270\u2013278 (2010).","journal-title":"J. Orofac. Pain"},{"key":"10479_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.11607\/jop.970","volume":"27","author":"M Schmid-Schwap","year":"2013","unstructured":"Schmid-Schwap, M., Bristela, M., Kundi, M. & Piehslinger, E. Sex-Specific differences in patients with temporomandibular disorders. J. Orofac. Pain. 27, 42\u201350 (2013).","journal-title":"J. Orofac. Pain"},{"key":"10479_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bdj.2014.1000","volume":"217","author":"I Needleman","year":"2014","unstructured":"Needleman, I. et al. Consensus statement: oral health and elite sport performance. Br. Dent. J. 217, 587\u2013590 (2014).","journal-title":"Br. Dent. J."},{"key":"10479_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1177\/1077558705285298","volume":"63","author":"A Bhandari","year":"2006","unstructured":"Bhandari, A. & Wagner, T. Self-Reported utilization of health care services: improving measurement and accuracy. Med. Care Res. Rev. 63, 217\u2013235 (2006).","journal-title":"Med. Care Res. Rev."},{"key":"10479_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0233977","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0233977","volume":"15","author":"D Tempelaar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Tempelaar, D., Rienties, B. & Nguyen, Q. Subjective data, objective data and the role of bias in predictive modelling: lessons from a dispositional learning analytics application. PLoS One  15, e0233977 (2020).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-10479-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-10479-z","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-10479-z.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,7]],"date-time":"2025-09-07T11:51:03Z","timestamp":1757245863000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-025-10479-z"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10479"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-025-10479-z","relation":{},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 March 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 July 2025","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"15 July 2025","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"25564"}}