{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,24]],"date-time":"2026-01-24T07:39:40Z","timestamp":1769240380405,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI23\/01760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI23\/01760"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI23\/01760"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI23\/01760"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Subprograme Miguel Servet, Instituto de Salud Carlos III","award":["CP24\/00137"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CP24\/00137"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia, I.P., within CINTESIS, R&D Unit","award":["UIDP\/4255\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UIDP\/4255\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n          <jats:p>\n            <jats:italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> is a critical priority pathogen due to its high resistance rates and limited treatment options. Rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (rAST) is essential to optimize therapy, particularly because resistance mechanisms in <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> often arise from adaptive genetic expression rather than specific resistance genes. FASTinov, a flow cytometry-based rAST system, was developed to address this challenge by providing phenotypic susceptibility results within hours. In this study, we assessed FASTinov\u2019s performance for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing (rAST) in 100 <jats:italic>P. aeruginosa<\/jats:italic> strains, using broth microdilution as the reference method. For clinical relevance, we also included the MicroScan WalkAway system as a comparator. FASTinov demonstrated a categorical agreement of 99% across the tested antibiotics, with particularly strong agreement for cephalosporins. Notably, FASTinov significantly reduced the time to results, delivering susceptibility data in an average of 3.15\u00a0h (CI 95% 3.13\u20133.17), compared to 28.88\u00a0h (CI 95% 20.71\u201337.04) for standard methods. Additionally, the system exhibited lower rates of major and very major errors compared to MicroScan, further reinforcing its reliability. These findings highlight FASTinov as a promising rAST system capable of providing rapid and accurate susceptibility profiles directly from bacterial colonies. Further research is warranted to evaluate its clinical impact on patient outcomes and cost-effectiveness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-12137-w","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T20:50:36Z","timestamp":1754427036000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of FASTinov for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility testing in Pseudomonas aeruginosa"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Cintora-Mairal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel Ortiz","family":"de la Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Cid\u00e1lia","family":"Pina-Vaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Mart\u00edn-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Antonio","family":"Lepe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"12137_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00040-09","volume":"22","author":"PD Lister","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lister, P. D., Wolter, D. J. & Hanson, N. D. Antibacterial-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Clinical impact and complex regulation of chromosomally encoded resistance mechanisms. Clin. Microbiol. Rev.22, 582\u2013610 (2009).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"key":"12137_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhin.2019.06.005","volume":"103","author":"YP Tabak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tabak, Y. P. et al. Incremental clinical and economic burden of suspected respiratory infections due to multi-drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the United States. J. Hosp. Infect.103, 134\u2013141 (2019).","journal-title":"J. Hosp. Infect."},{"key":"12137_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01759","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01759-19","volume":"64","author":"R Recio","year":"2020","unstructured":"Recio, R. et al. Predictors of mortality in bloodstream infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and impact of antimicrobial resistance and bacterial virulence. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother.64, e01759\u2013e01719 (2020).","journal-title":"Antimicrob. Agents Chemother."},{"key":"12137_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biotechadv.2018.11.013","volume":"37","author":"Z Pang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Pang, Z., Raudonis, R., Glick, B. R., Lin, T.-J. & Cheng, Z. Antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: Mechanisms and alternative therapeutic strategies. Biotechnol. Adv.37, 177\u2013192 (2019).","journal-title":"Biotechnol. Adv."},{"key":"12137_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2116","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00181-17","volume":"55","author":"M Marschal","year":"2017","unstructured":"Marschal, M. et al. Evaluation of the accelerate pheno system for fast identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing from positive blood cultures in bloodstream infections caused by Gram-negative pathogens. J. Clin. Microbiol.55, 2116\u20132126 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"12137_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/microorganisms10061212","volume":"10","author":"M Rosselin","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rosselin, M., Prod\u2019hom, G., Greub, G. & Croxatto, A. A performance evaluation of the Quantamatrix QMAC-dRAST system for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing directly from blood cultures. Microorganisms10, 1212 (2022).","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"issue":"1","key":"12137_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-60717-9","volume":"10","author":"R Radhakrishnan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Radhakrishnan, R., Rajesh, J., Dinesh, N. S., Thangavelu, C. P. & Sankaran, K. Antibiotic susceptibility testing based on fluorescein quenching by bacteria: Application to urinary tract infection. Sci. Rep.10(1), 4058 (2024).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"12137_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1186\/s12866-024-03341-1","volume":"24","author":"C Pina-Vaz","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pina-Vaz, C. et al. A multisite validation of a two hours antibiotic susceptibility flow cytometry assay directly from positive blood cultures. BMC Microbiol. 24, 187 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Microbiol."},{"key":"12137_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e0054421","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00544-21","volume":"59","author":"A Silva-Dias","year":"2021","unstructured":"Silva-Dias, A. et al. Evaluation of FASTinov ultrarapid flow cytometry antimicrobial susceptibility testing directly from positive blood cultures. J. Clin. Microbiol. 59, e0054421 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Clin. 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Inappropriate empirical antibiotic treatment in high-risk neutropenic patients with bacteremia in the era of multidrug resistance. Clin. Infect. Dis.70, 1068\u20131074 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"12137_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-024-09700-7","volume":"24","author":"T Riccobene","year":"2024","unstructured":"Riccobene, T. et al. Outcomes of inadequate empiric therapy and timing of newer antibacterial therapy in hospitalized adults with culture-positive enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a multicenter analysis. BMC Infect. Dis. 24, 810 (2024).","journal-title":"BMC Infect. Dis."},{"key":"12137_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1294141","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2023.1294141","volume":"11","author":"S Xiao","year":"2023","unstructured":"Xiao, S., Liang, X., Han, L. & Zhao, S. Incidence, antimicrobial resistance and mortality of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infections among hospitalized patients in china: a retrospective observational multicenter cohort study from 2017 to 2021. Front. Public. Health. 11, 1294141 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Public. Health"},{"key":"12137_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e01329","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01329-17","volume":"56","author":"P Pancholi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Pancholi, P. et al. Multicenter evaluation of the accelerate phenotest BC kit for rapid identification and phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing using morphokinetic cellular analysis. J. Clin. Microbiol. 56, e01329\u2013e01317 (2018).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"12137_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.01781-20","author":"A Sikorski","year":"2021","unstructured":"Sikorski, A. et al. Performance of Antipseudomonal \u03b2-Lactams on the Accelerate PhenoTest BC Kit against a Collection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates. J. Clin. Microbiol. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128\/jcm.01781-20 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"12137_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2020.105902","volume":"172","author":"P Grohs","year":"2020","unstructured":"Grohs, P. et al. Comparative evaluation of the QMAC-dRAST V2.0 system for rapid antibiotic susceptibility testing of Gram-negative blood culture isolates. J. Microbiol. Methods172, 105902 (2020).","journal-title":"J. Microbiol. Methods"},{"key":"12137_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-023-04556-2","volume":"42","author":"J Couchot","year":"2023","unstructured":"Couchot, J. et al. Evaluation of the reveal rapid AST system to assess the susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from blood cultures. Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis.42, 359\u2013363 (2023).","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Microbiol. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"12137_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2024.06.028","volume":"30","author":"E Yusuf","year":"2024","unstructured":"Yusuf, E., Schijffelen, M. J. & Leeflang, M. How to verify and validate a clinical microbiology test before it can be used in routine diagnostics: A practical guide. Clin. Microbiol. Infect.30, 1261\u20131269 (2024).","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. 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The company provided full funding for the materials required to conduct this study and participated in the design of the study protocol. Other authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"28649"}}