{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T01:32:07Z","timestamp":1793323927553,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1793318400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":88,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009708","name":"Novo Nordisk Fonden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#NNF19OC0055183"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#NNF19OC0055183"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009708","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Sci Rep"],"DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-64116-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T08:24:40Z","timestamp":1785745480000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A proof-of-concept study associating artificial intelligence surveillance of surgical site infections with antibiotic prophylaxis from 765,962 surgeries"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Stasia","family":"Winther","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas Skov","family":"Millarch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emilie Even","family":"Dencker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vibe Glud","family":"Hjulmand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josefine","family":"Sch\u00f8ning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9494-5475","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Sillesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"64116_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"145749692412942","DOI":"10.1177\/14574969241294263","volume":"25","author":"EE Dencker","year":"2024","unstructured":"Dencker, E. E., Bonde, A., Lorenzen, S. S., Troelsen, A. & Sillesen, M. Assessing the accuracy gap in early postoperative complication surveillance: ICD-10 codes versus manual curation-clinical and economic implications. Scand J. Surg Nov. 25, 14574969241294263. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/14574969241294263 (2024).","journal-title":"Scand J. Surg Nov"},{"issue":"5","key":"64116_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1177\/1062860609339936","volume":"24","author":"DL Davenport","year":"2009","unstructured":"Davenport, D. L., Holsapple, C. W. & Conigliaro, J. Assessing surgical quality using administrative and clinical data sets: a direct comparison of the University HealthSystem Consortium Clinical Database and the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program data set. Am J. Med. Qual Sep-Oct. 24 (5), 395\u2013402. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1062860609339936 (2009).","journal-title":"Am J. Med. Qual Sep-Oct"},{"key":"64116_CR3","unstructured":"NICE. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence - Surgical Site Infection. 2025. Accessed May 11th (2025). https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/qs49\/chapter\/quality-statement-2-antibiotic-prophylaxis"},{"key":"64116_CR4","unstructured":"CDC. 2025. Surgical Site Infection event (SSI). Accessed May 11th (2025). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nhsn\/pdfs\/pscmanual\/9pscssicurrent.pdf"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"64116_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2002.3.s1-9","volume":"3","author":"PS Barie","year":"2002","unstructured":"Barie, P. S. Surgical site infections: epidemiology and prevention. Surg. Infect. (Larchmt). 3 (Suppl 1), S9\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/sur.2002.3.s1-9 (2002).","journal-title":"Surg. Infect. (Larchmt)"},{"issue":"4","key":"64116_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2012.131","volume":"13","author":"SS Awad","year":"2012","unstructured":"Awad, S. S. Adherence to surgical care improvement project measures and post-operative surgical site infections. Surg Infect. (Larchmt) Aug. 13 (4), 234\u2013237. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/sur.2012.131 (2012).","journal-title":"Surg Infect. (Larchmt) Aug"},{"issue":"22","key":"64116_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2039","DOI":"10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.9763","volume":"Dec 9\u201323","author":"E Zimlichman","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zimlichman, E. et al. Health care-associated infections: a meta-analysis of costs and financial impact on the US health care system. JAMA Intern. Med. Dec 9\u201323 (22), 2039\u20132046. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamainternmed.2013.9763 (2013).","journal-title":"JAMA Intern. Med."},{"issue":"1","key":"64116_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-021-01392-z","volume":"6","author":"EE Dencker","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dencker, E. E., Bonde, A., Troelsen, A., Varadarajan, K. M. & Sillesen, M. Postoperative complications: an observational study of trends in the United States from 2012 to 2018. BMC Surg Nov. 6 (1), 393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12893-021-01392-z (2021).","journal-title":"BMC Surg Nov"},{"key":"64116_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1249835","DOI":"10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1249835","volume":"5","author":"A Bonde","year":"2023","unstructured":"Bonde, A., Lorenzen, S., Brixen, G., Troelsen, A. & Sillesen, M. Assessing the utility of deep neural networks in detecting superficial surgical site infections from free text electronic health record data. Front. Digit. Health. 5, 1249835. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fdgth.2023.1249835 (2023).","journal-title":"Front. Digit. Health"},{"issue":"8","key":"64116_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010","volume":"16","author":"E von Elm","year":"2007","unstructured":"von Elm, E. et al. The Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies. Ann Intern. Med Oct. 16 (8), 573\u2013577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-147-8-200710160-00010 (2007).","journal-title":"Ann Intern. Med Oct."},{"key":"64116_CR11","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global Guidelines for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection: Evidence-Based Recommendations on Measures for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection. WHO Guidelines. World Health Organization. Accessed 19.07.2025. (2018). https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK536431\/#ch4.s1"},{"issue":"10","key":"64116_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.24764","volume":"333","author":"STS Group","year":"2025","unstructured":"Group, S. T. S. Negative Pressure Dressings to Prevent Surgical Site Infection After Emergency Laparotomy: The SUNRRISE Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA 333 (10), 853\u2013863. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2024.24764 (2025).","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"issue":"1","key":"64116_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002780","volume":"271","author":"MN Ali-Mucheru","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ali-Mucheru, M. N., Seville, M. T., Miller, V., Sampathkumar, P. & Etzioni, D. A. Postoperative Surgical Site Infections: Understanding the Discordance Between Surveillance Systems. Ann Surg Jan. 271 (1), 94\u201399. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002780 (2020).","journal-title":"Ann Surg Jan"},{"key":"64116_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002041","author":"DA Etzioni","year":"2018","unstructured":"Etzioni, D. A. et al. Infectious Surgical Complications are Not Dichotomous: Characterizing Discordance Between Administrative Data and Registry Data. Ann Surg Jan ;267(1):81\u201387. doi:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002041 (2018)."},{"issue":"5","key":"64116_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"695","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2023.67","volume":"44","author":"MS Calderwood","year":"2023","unstructured":"Calderwood, M. S. et al. Strategies to prevent surgical site infections in acute-care hospitals: 2022 Update. Infect Control Hosp. Epidemiol May. 44 (5), 695\u2013720. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2023.67 (2023).","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp. Epidemiol May"},{"issue":"9","key":"64116_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1017\/ice.2020.1346","volume":"42","author":"BT Bucher","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bucher, B. T. et al. Changes in the accuracy of administrative data for the detection of surgical site infections. Infect Control Hosp. Epidemiol Sep. 42 (9), 1128\u20131130. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/ice.2020.1346 (2021).","journal-title":"Infect Control Hosp. Epidemiol Sep."},{"issue":"6","key":"64116_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.4663","volume":"149","author":"ML Schweizer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Schweizer, M. L., Cullen, J. J., Perencevich, E. N. & Vaughan Sarrazin, M. S. Costs Associated With Surgical Site Infections in Veterans Affairs Hospitals. JAMA Surg Jun. 149 (6), 575\u2013581. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamasurg.2013.4663 (2014).","journal-title":"JAMA Surg Jun"},{"issue":"1","key":"64116_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s13756-023-01294-0","volume":"2","author":"G Wu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Wu, G. et al. Development of machine learning models for the detection of surgical site infections following total hip and knee arthroplasty: a multicenter cohort study. Antimicrob Resist. Infect. Control Sep. 2 (1), 88. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13756-023-01294-0 (2023).","journal-title":"Antimicrob Resist. Infect. Control Sep."},{"issue":"1","key":"64116_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-025-01989-1","volume":"17","author":"A Agostinho","year":"2025","unstructured":"Agostinho, A. et al. Semi-automated surveillance of surgical site infections using machine learning and rule-based classification models. NPJ Digit. Med Oct. 17 (1), 617. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41746-025-01989-1 (2025).","journal-title":"NPJ Digit. Med Oct."},{"issue":"3","key":"64116_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006826","volume":"1","author":"H Muaddi","year":"2025","unstructured":"Muaddi, H. et al. Imaging-based Surgical Site Infection Detection Using Artificial Intelligence. Ann Surg Sep. 1 (3), 419\u2013428. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/SLA.0000000000006826 (2025).","journal-title":"Ann Surg Sep."}],"container-title":["Scientific Reports"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-64116-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-64116-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-64116-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T00:56:31Z","timestamp":1793321791000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41598-026-64116-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]}},"alternative-id":["64116"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-026-64116-4","relation":{"references":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000002041","asserted-by":"subject"}]},"ISSN":["2045-2322"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2045-2322","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"assertion":[{"value":"4 May 2026","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"23 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"3 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"35861"}}