{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T11:44:07Z","timestamp":1773315847895,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Commun Biol"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In sessile animals, body surface-associated water currents are essential for integrating feeding, cleaning, and boosting metabolic exchange across colonies or communities of solitary individuals. The evolutionary origins of surface currents and their distribution among cnidarians remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated directional surface currents by tracking moving fluorescent beads on live specimens. We show that surface-associated flows are widespread among cnidarians, including anthozoans, scyphozoans, and cubozoans, but vary in complexity. The structural organization of these currents, as well as flow regimes, correlates with animal size, coloniality, and feeding strategy, highlighting their evolutionary significance across diverse lifestyles and morphologies. Notably, we observed a consistent absence of cilia-driven surface flows in octocorals, hydrozoans, and staurozoans. Moreover, surface flow was also stage-dependent, being absent in medusae but present in polyps of the same species. This suggests that the muscle-mediated motility of a cnidarian medusae\u00a0might reduce the necessity for surface-mediated hydrodynamic control in cnidarians. Overall, the patchy distribution of cilia-driven surface currents implies repeated evolutionary gains and losses under selective pressure in multiple systematic groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-026-09827-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T17:35:59Z","timestamp":1773250559000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cilia-driven surface currents characterize specific cnidarian groups and lifecycle stages"],"prefix":"10.1038","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0444-1601","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theres","family":"Koch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-5052-9735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karina","family":"Araslanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Thibault","family":"Bouderlique","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Fetisov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Link","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1764-0613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Klimovich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4879-5730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Milena","family":"Mi\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8180-7618","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klara","family":"Mi\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Johan","family":"Bostr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Frade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8863-7887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Abed-Navandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5471-0356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Adameyko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"9827_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daly, M. et al. The phylum cnidaria: a review of phylogenetic patterns and diversity 300 years after Linnaeus. https:\/\/zenodo.org\/record\/180149 (2007).","DOI":"10.11646\/zootaxa.1668.1.11"},{"key":"9827_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.048959","volume":"138","author":"U Technau","year":"2011","unstructured":"Technau, U. & Steele, R. E. Evolutionary crossroads in developmental biology: cnidaria. Development 138, 1447\u20131458 (2011).","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"9827_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"418","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1420-9101.2002.00403.x","volume":"15","author":"AG Collins","year":"2002","unstructured":"Collins, A. G. Phylogeny of Medusozoa and the evolution of cnidarian life cycles. J. Evol. Biol. 15, 418\u2013432 (2002).","journal-title":"J. Evol. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.07.008","volume":"28","author":"TC LaJeunesse","year":"2018","unstructured":"LaJeunesse, T. C. et al. Systematic revision of symbiodiniaceae highlights the antiquity and diversity of coral endosymbionts. Curr. Biol. 28, 2570\u20132580.e6 (2018).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2021.04.005","volume":"184","author":"S Levy","year":"2021","unstructured":"Levy, S. et al. A stony coral cell atlas illuminates the molecular and cellular basis of coral symbiosis, calcification, and immunity. Cell 184, 2973\u20132987.e18 (2021).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"9827_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syaa103","volume":"70","author":"CS McFadden","year":"2021","unstructured":"McFadden, C. S. et al. Phylogenomics, origin, and diversification of anthozoans (phylum cnidaria). Syst. Biol. 70, 635\u2013647 (2021).","journal-title":"Syst. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1531","DOI":"10.1038\/s41559-020-01291-1","volume":"4","author":"AM Quattrini","year":"2020","unstructured":"Quattrini, A. M. et al. Palaeoclimate ocean conditions shaped the evolution of corals and their skeletons through deep time. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 4, 1531\u20131538 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Ecol. Evol."},{"key":"9827_CR8","volume":"289","author":"PJ Edmunds","year":"2022","unstructured":"Edmunds, P. J. Persistence of a sessile benthic organism promoted by a morphological strategy combining sheets and trees. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 289, 20220952 (2022).","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"9827_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.b.22944","volume":"336","author":"LS Hiebert","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hiebert, L. S., Simpson, C. & Tiozzo, S. Coloniality, clonality, and modularity in animals: the elephant in the room. J. Exp. Zool. B Mol. Dev. Evol. 336, 198\u2013211 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Zool. B Mol. Dev. Evol."},{"key":"9827_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.04.054","volume":"32","author":"T Bouderlique","year":"2022","unstructured":"Bouderlique, T. et al. Surface flow for colonial integration in reef-building corals. Curr. Biol. 32, 2596\u20132609.e7 (2022).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05771","volume":"447","author":"B Mitchell","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mitchell, B., Jacobs, R., Li, J., Chien, S. & Kintner, C. A positive feedback mechanism governs the polarity and motion of motile cilia. Nature 447, 97\u2013101 (2007).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"9827_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s42254-019-0129-0","volume":"2","author":"W Gilpin","year":"2020","unstructured":"Gilpin, W., Bull, M. S. & Prakash, M. The multiscale physics of cilia and flagella. Nat. Rev. Phys. 2, 74\u201388 (2020).","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Phys."},{"key":"9827_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4150","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.07.071","volume":"32","author":"CO Pacherres","year":"2022","unstructured":"Pacherres, C. O., Ahmerkamp, S., Koren, K., Richter, C. & Holtappels, M. Ciliary flows in corals ventilate target areas of high photosynthetic oxygen production. Curr. Biol. 32, 4150\u20134158.e3 (2022).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13391","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1323094111","volume":"111","author":"OH Shapiro","year":"2014","unstructured":"Shapiro, O. H. et al. Vortical ciliary flows actively enhance mass transport in reef corals. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 111, 13391\u201313396 (2014).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"9827_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1086\/623867","volume":"39","author":"GA Taylor","year":"1931","unstructured":"Taylor, G. A Year on the Great Barrier Reef C. M. Yonge. J Geol. 39, 489\u2013490 (1931).","journal-title":"J Geol."},{"key":"9827_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yonge, C. M. The biology of coral reefs. In: Advances in Marine Biology, 209\u2013262 (Elsevier; 1963).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2881(08)60260-6"},{"key":"9827_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7998.1976.tb02264.x","volume":"178","author":"JB Lewis","year":"1976","unstructured":"Lewis, J. B. & Price, W. S. Patterns of ciliary currents in Atlantic reef corals and their functional significance. J. Zool. 178, 77\u201389 (1976).","journal-title":"J. Zool."},{"key":"9827_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.1186\/s12862-018-1142-0","volume":"18","author":"E Kayal","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kayal, E. et al. Phylogenomics provides a robust topology of the major cnidarian lineages and insights on the origins of key organismal traits. BMC Evol. Biol. 18, 68 (2018).","journal-title":"BMC Evol. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-13-5","volume":"13","author":"E Kayal","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kayal, E., Roure, B., Philippe, H., Collins, A. G. & Lavrov, D. V. Cnidarian phylogenetic relationships as revealed by mitogenomics. BMC Evol. Biol. 13, 5 (2013).","journal-title":"BMC Evol. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1645\/14-671.1","volume":"101","author":"J Foox","year":"2015","unstructured":"Foox, J. & Siddall, M. E. The road to cnidaria: history of phylogeny of the Myxozoa. J. Parasitol. 101, 269\u2013274 (2015).","journal-title":"J. Parasitol."},{"key":"9827_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lang, M. A., Marinelli, R. L., Roberts, S. J. & Taylor, P. R. Research and Discoveries: The Revolution of Science through Scuba (Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press; 2013).","DOI":"10.5479\/si.1943667X.39"},{"key":"9827_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-005-0134-8","volume":"325","author":"A Garm","year":"2006","unstructured":"Garm, A., Ekstr\u00f6m, P., Boudes, M. & Nilsson, D. E. Rhopalia are integrated parts of the central nervous system in box jellyfish. Cell Tissue Res. 325, 333\u2013343 (2006).","journal-title":"Cell Tissue Res."},{"key":"9827_CR23","volume":"11","author":"Y Peng","year":"2024","unstructured":"Peng, Y. et al. Applications of finite-time Lyapunov exponent in detecting Lagrangian coherent structures for coastal ocean processes: a review. Front. Mar. Sci. 11, 1345260 (2024).","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"9827_CR24","volume":"289","author":"J Yuan","year":"2022","unstructured":"Yuan, J. et al. Convergent evolution of barnacles and molluscs sheds lights in origin and diversification of calcareous shell and sessile lifestyle. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 289, 20221535 (2022).","journal-title":"Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"9827_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1007\/s00359-007-0305-z","volume":"194","author":"E Chen","year":"2008","unstructured":"Chen, E., Stiefel, K. M., Sejnowski, T. J. & Bullock, T. H. Model of traveling waves in a coral nerve network. J. Comp. Physiol. A 194, 195\u2013200 (2008).","journal-title":"J. Comp. Physiol. A"},{"key":"9827_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.07.017","volume":"32","author":"NA Kornder","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kornder, N. A. et al. Sponges sneeze mucus to shed particulate waste from their seawater inlet pores. Curr. Biol. 32, 3855\u20133861.e3 (2022).","journal-title":"Curr. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lewis, J. B. Biology and ecology of the hydrocoral millepora on coral reefs. In: Advances in Marine Biology, 1\u201355 (Elsevier; 2006).","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-2881(05)50001-4"},{"key":"9827_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"P\u00e9rez, C. D., De Moura Neves, B., Cordeiro, R. T., Williams, G. C. & Cairns, S. D. Diversity and distribution of octocorallia. In The Cnidaria, Past, Present and Future (eds Goffredo, S., Dubinsky, Z.) 109\u2013123 (Springer International Publishing; 2016).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-31305-4_8"},{"key":"9827_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/ivb.12028","volume":"132","author":"KL Harmata","year":"2013","unstructured":"Harmata, K. L. et al. Quantitative measures of gastrovascular flow in octocorals and hydroids: toward a comparative biology of transport systems in cnidarians. Invertebr. Biol. 132, 291\u2013304 (2013).","journal-title":"Invertebr. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.2307\/1543048","volume":"194","author":"D Gate\u00f1o","year":"1998","unstructured":"Gate\u00f1o, D., Israel, A., Barki, Y. & Rinkevich, B. Gastrovascular circulation in an octocoral: evidence of significant transport of coral and symbiont cells. Biol. Bull. 194, 178\u2013186 (1998).","journal-title":"Biol. Bull."},{"key":"9827_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1080\/24750263.2018.1438530","volume":"85","author":"G Chimienti","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chimienti, G., Angeletti, L. & Mastrototaro, F. Withdrawal behaviour of the red sea pen Pennatula rubra (Cnidaria: Pennatulacea). Eur. Zool. J. 85, 64\u201370 (2018).","journal-title":"Eur. Zool. J."},{"key":"9827_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-21110-w","volume":"12","author":"B Thobor","year":"2022","unstructured":"Thobor, B. et al. The pulsating soft coral Xenia umbellata shows high resistance to warming when nitrate concentrations are low. Sci. Rep. 12, 16788 (2022).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"9827_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.2307\/1542116","volume":"182","author":"KL Van Alstyne","year":"1992","unstructured":"Van Alstyne, K. L., Wylie, C. R., Paul, V. J. & Meyer, K. Antipredator defenses in tropical pacific soft corals (Coelenterata: Alcyonacea). I. Sclerites as defenses against generalist carnivorous fishes. Biol. Bull. 182, 231\u2013240 (1992).","journal-title":"Biol. Bull."},{"key":"9827_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17854","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1920469117","volume":"117","author":"A Klimovich","year":"2020","unstructured":"Klimovich, A. et al. Prototypical pacemaker neurons interact with the resident microbiota. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 117, 17854\u201317863 (2020).","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"9827_CR35","volume":"11","author":"RN Poon","year":"2025","unstructured":"Poon, R. N., J\u00e9kely, G. & Wan, K. Y. Dynamics and emergence of metachronal waves in the ciliary band of a metazoan larva. Sci. Adv. 11, eadw4067 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"9827_CR36","volume":"5","author":"RN Poon","year":"2023","unstructured":"Poon, R. N. et al. Ciliary propulsion and metachronal coordination in reef coral larvae. Phys. Rev. Res 5, L042037 (2023).","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. Res"},{"key":"9827_CR37","volume":"86","author":"KY Wan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Wan, K. Y. & Poon, R. N. Mechanisms and functions of multiciliary coordination. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 86, 102286 (2024).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.83637","volume":"12","author":"JC Nawroth","year":"2023","unstructured":"Nawroth, J. C., Giez, C., Klimovich, A., Kanso, E. & Bosch, T. C. Spontaneous body wall contractions stabilize the fluid microenvironment that shapes host\u2013microbe associations. eLife 12, e83637 (2023).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"9827_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1002\/jmor.20617","volume":"278","author":"HE Westlake","year":"2017","unstructured":"Westlake, H. E. & Page, L. R. Muscle and nerve net organization in stalked jellyfish (M edusozoa: Staurozoa). J. Morphol. 278, 29\u201349 (2017).","journal-title":"J. Morphol."},{"key":"9827_CR40","volume":"7","author":"T Hata","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hata, T. et al. Coral larvae are poor swimmers and require fine-scale reef structure to settle. Sci. Rep. 7, 2249 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"9827_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1093\/icb\/icq101","volume":"50","author":"MAR Koehl","year":"2010","unstructured":"Koehl, M. A. R. & Hadfield, M. G. Hydrodynamics of larval settlement from a larva\u2019s point of view. Integr. Comp. Biol. 50, 539\u2013551 (2010).","journal-title":"Integr. Comp. Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0981(00)00205-7","volume":"251","author":"D Lirman","year":"2000","unstructured":"Lirman, D. Fragmentation in the branching coral Acropora palmata (Lamarck): growth, survivorship, and reproduction of colonies and fragments. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 251, 41\u201357 (2000).","journal-title":"J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol."},{"key":"9827_CR43","volume":"12","author":"E Re","year":"2025","unstructured":"Re, E. & Duarte, C. M. Emerging evidence for apical dominance in colonial branching Acropora corals. Front. Mar. Sci. 12, 1531462 (2025).","journal-title":"Front. Mar. Sci."},{"key":"9827_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoleng.2018.08.017","volume":"123","author":"CA Page","year":"2018","unstructured":"Page, C. A., Muller, E. M. & Vaughan, D. E. Microfragmenting for the successful restoration of slow growing massive corals. Ecol. Eng. 123, 86\u201394 (2018).","journal-title":"Ecol. Eng."},{"key":"9827_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-9629(73)90246-6","volume":"44","author":"MN Arai","year":"1973","unstructured":"Arai, M. N. & Walder, G. L. The feeding response of Pachycerianthusfimbriatus (ceriantharia). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Physiol. 44, 1085\u20131092 (1973).","journal-title":"Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A Physiol."},{"key":"9827_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2010.07.011","volume":"22","author":"JB Wallingford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wallingford, J. B. Planar cell polarity signaling, cilia and polarized ciliary beating. Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 22, 597\u2013604 (2010).","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Cell Biol."},{"key":"9827_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.77701","volume":"12","author":"C Ringers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ringers, C. et al. Novel analytical tools reveal that local synchronization of cilia coincides with tissue-scale metachronal waves in zebrafish multiciliated epithelia. eLife 12, e77701 (2023).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"9827_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilzbach, M. A. & Cummins, K. W. Rivers and streams: physical setting and adapted biota. In: Encyclopedia of Ecology, 594\u2013606 (Elsevier; 2019).","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-409548-9.11093-0"},{"key":"9827_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1130\/G49153.1","volume":"49","author":"AB Limaye","year":"2021","unstructured":"Limaye, A. B., Lazarus, E. D., Li, Y. & Schwenk, J. River sinuosity describes a continuum between randomness and ordered growth. Geology 49, 1506\u20131510 (2021).","journal-title":"Geology"},{"key":"9827_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1038\/s10038-020-00851-4","volume":"66","author":"A Diaz-Papkovich","year":"2021","unstructured":"Diaz-Papkovich, A., Anderson-Trocm\u00e9, L. & Gravel, S. A review of UMAP in population genetics. J. Hum. Genet. 66, 85\u201391 (2021).","journal-title":"J. Hum. Genet."},{"key":"9827_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-41695-z","volume":"9","author":"VA Traag","year":"2019","unstructured":"Traag, V. A., Waltman, L. & Van Eck, N. J. From Louvain to Leiden: guaranteeing well-connected communities. Sci. Rep. 9, 5233 (2019).","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"9827_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2024.1483206","volume":"11","author":"GM Marchioro","year":"2024","unstructured":"Marchioro, G. M. et al. Confocal laser scanning microscopy reveals species-specific differences in distribution of fluorescent proteins in coral tissues. Front Mar. Sci. 11, 1483206 (2024).","journal-title":"Front Mar. Sci."},{"key":"9827_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7910\/DVN\/IMXADV","author":"T Koch","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koch, T. Cilia-generated surface currents in various cnidarian species [Data set]. Harv. Dataverse https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7910\/DVN\/IMXADV (2025).","journal-title":"Harv. Dataverse"},{"key":"9827_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.6084\/m9.figshare.31224049","author":"T Koch","year":"2025","unstructured":"Koch, T. et al. Cilia-driven surface currents characterize specific cnidarian groups and lifecycle stages. GitHub Repos. Figshare https:\/\/doi.org\/10.6084\/m9.figshare.31224049 (2025).","journal-title":"GitHub Repos. Figshare"}],"container-title":["Communications Biology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-026-09827-0","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T17:36:12Z","timestamp":1773250572000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s42003-026-09827-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"references-count":54,"alternative-id":["9827"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s42003-026-09827-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["2399-3642"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2399-3642","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"21 July 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 February 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"11 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare no competing interests.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}]}}