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Nevertheless an adequate statistical evaluation in a large database of continuous multiday recordings is still missing. Here, we investigated the existence of preictal changes in long-term intracranial recordings from 53 patients with intractable partial epilepsy (in total 531 days and 558 clinical seizures). We describe a measure of brain excitability based on the slow modulation of high-frequency gamma activities (40\u2013140\u2005Hz) in ensembles of intracranial contacts. In prospective tests, we found that this index identified preictal changes at levels above chance in 13.2% of the patients (7\/53), suggesting that results may be significant for the whole group (p &lt; 0.05). These results provide a demonstration that preictal states can be detected prospectively from EEG data. They advance understanding of the network dynamics leading to seizure and may help develop novel seizure prediction algorithms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep04545","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,4,1]],"date-time":"2014-04-01T09:03:05Z","timestamp":1396342985000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Slow modulations of high-frequency activity (40\u2013140\u2005Hz) discriminate preictal changes in human focal epilepsy"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Alvarado-Rojas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Valderrama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"A.","family":"Fouad-Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"H.","family":"Feldwisch-Drentrup","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"M.","family":"Ihle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"C. 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