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Studies demonstrated that the miR-29 expression is decreased in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD) patients displaying high levels of human \u03b2-secretase (hBACE1). Recent advances toward an effective therapy for AD intend to employ miR-29 to suppress hBACE1 expression and subsequent Amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) peptide. However, delivery of mature miRNA has demonstrated modest efficacy<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>; therefore, the preparation of highly pure and biologically active pre-miRNA arises as one of the most important challenges in the development of these therapeutic strategies. Recently, we described a new strategy based arginine-affinity chromatography to specifically purify the recombinant pre-miR-29b. Following this strategy, the purified pre-miR-29b was successfully encapsulated into polyplexes that were further delivered in cytoplasm. It was verified that Chitosan\/pre-miR-29b and Polyethylenimine\/pre-miR-29b systems efficiently delivered pre-miR-29b to N2a695 cells, thus reducing the hBACE1 protein expression (around 78% and 86%, respectively) and A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>levels (approximately 44% and 47%, respectively). Furthermore, pre-miR-29b downregulates the hBACE1 mRNA expression in 80%. Overall, it was demonstrated that the recombinant pre-miR-29b using polyplexes allowed to decrease the hBACE1 and A\u03b2<jats:sub>42<\/jats:sub>expression levels, improving the currently available methodologies of miRNA-based therapeutics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1038\/srep19946","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]],"date-time":"2016-01-28T10:18:14Z","timestamp":1453976294000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Recombinant pre-miR-29b for Alzheimer\u00b4s disease therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.1038","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Patr\u00edcia A.","family":"Pereira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Joana F.","family":"Tom\u00e1s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Jo\u00e3o A.","family":"Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Ana R.","family":"Figueiras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"Fani","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"BFsrep19946_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1038\/gt.2011.50","volume":"18","author":"JA Broderick","year":"2011","unstructured":"Broderick, J. 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