{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T15:29:47Z","timestamp":1759332587672,"version":"3.30.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,1]],"date-time":"2002-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1036108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,1]],"date-time":"2002-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1036108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Photochem Photobiol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"DOI":"10.1039\/b205044g","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,13]],"date-time":"2002-11-13T19:14:55Z","timestamp":1037214895000},"page":"857-864","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Chronic exposure to the ultraviolet radiation levels from arc welding does not result in obvious damage to the human corneal endothelium"],"prefix":"10.1007","volume":"1","author":[{"given":"Emil","family":"Oblak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Doughty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"111857_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-197612000-00006","volume":"18","author":"EA Emmett","year":"1976","unstructured":"E. A. Emmett and S. W. Horstman, Factors influencing the output of ultraviolet radiation during welding, J. Occup. Med., 1976, 18, 41\u201344.","journal-title":"J. Occup. Med."},{"key":"111857_CR2","first-page":"801","volume-title":"A Comprehensive Handbook","author":"D Sliney","year":"1980","unstructured":"D. Sliney and M. Wolbarsht, Welding Arcs, in Safety with Lasers and other Optical Sources. A Comprehensive Handbook, Plenum Press, New York, 1980, pp. 801\u2013859."},{"key":"111857_CR3","first-page":"95","volume":"41","author":"JH Dennis","year":"1997","unstructured":"J. H. Dennis, S. B. Mortazavi, M. J. French, P. J. Hewitt and C. R. Redding, The effects of welding parameters on ultra-violet light emissions, ozone, CrVI formation in MIG welding, Ann. Occup. Hyg., 1997, 41, 95\u2013104.","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Hyg."},{"key":"111857_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4878(01)00023-0","volume":"45","author":"T Okuno","year":"2001","unstructured":"T. Okuno, J. Ojima and H. Saito, Ultraviolet radiation emitted by CO2 arc welding, Ann. Occup. Hyg., 2001, 45, 597\u2013601.","journal-title":"Ann. Occup. Hyg."},{"key":"111857_CR5","first-page":"287","volume":"14","author":"C Kozlowski","year":"2001","unstructured":"C. Kozlowski, UV radiation emitted by selected sources at work stands, Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health, 2001, 14, 287\u2013292.","journal-title":"Int. J. Occup. Med. Environ. Health"},{"key":"111857_CR6","first-page":"1","volume":"8","author":"F Terrier","year":"1888","unstructured":"F. Terrier, De l\u2019ophtalmie \u00e9lectrique, Arch. Ophtalmol. (Paris), 1888, 8, 1\u201317.","journal-title":"Arch. Ophtalmol. (Paris)"},{"key":"111857_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"630","DOI":"10.2307\/20025610","volume":"51","author":"FH Verhoeff","year":"1916","unstructured":"F. H. Verhoeff, L. Bell and E. B. Walker, The pathological effects of radiant energy on the eye. An experimental investigation with a systematic review of the literature, Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci., 1916, 51, 630\u2013811.","journal-title":"Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci."},{"key":"111857_CR8","first-page":"389","volume":"1","author":"N Pozzi","year":"1938","unstructured":"N. Pozzi, Les dangers de la soudre a l\u2019arc, Arch. Mal. Prof., Hyg. Toxicol. Ind., 1938, 1, 389\u2013414.","journal-title":"Arch. Mal. Prof., Hyg. Toxicol. Ind."},{"key":"111857_CR9","first-page":"125","volume":"22","author":"JA Britton","year":"1940","unstructured":"J. A. Britton and E. L. Walsh, Health hazzards of electric and gas welding, J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol., 1940, 22, 125\u2013151.","journal-title":"J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol."},{"key":"111857_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1943.02840420015006","volume":"123","author":"VE Kinsey","year":"1943","unstructured":"V. E. Kinsey, D. G. Cogan and P. Drinker, Measuring eye flash from welding, J. Am. Med. Assoc., 1943, 123, 403\u2013404.","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"111857_CR11","first-page":"737","volume":"41","author":"CE Benson","year":"1943","unstructured":"C. E. Benson, Treatment of photophthalmia following exposure to the rays of the welding arc, U.S. Nav. Med. Bull., 1943, 41, 737\u2013743.","journal-title":"U.S. Nav. Med. Bull."},{"key":"111857_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"734","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1943.02840280018005","volume":"122","author":"FE Rieke","year":"1943","unstructured":"F. E. Rieke, \u201cArc flash\u201d conjunctivitis. Actinic conjunctivitis from electric welding arcs, J. Am. Med. Assoc., 1943, 122, 734\u2013736.","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Assoc."},{"key":"111857_CR13","first-page":"30","volume":"105","author":"AL Koven","year":"1953","unstructured":"A. L. Koven, Which rays injure the eyes?, Saf. Maint. Prod., 1953, 105, 30\u201337.","journal-title":"Saf. Maint. Prod."},{"key":"111857_CR14","first-page":"184","volume":"60","author":"K Haglind","year":"1963","unstructured":"K. Haglind, Behandling av \u201csvetsblank\u201d (kerato conjunctivitis electrica) med XYLOCAIN\u00ae \u00f6gendroppar, Sven. Laekartidn., 1963, 60, 184\u2013192.","journal-title":"Sven. Laekartidn."},{"key":"111857_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)75911-2","volume":"92","author":"AK Pabley","year":"1981","unstructured":"A. K. Pabley and A. H. Kenney, Welding processes and ocular hazzards and protection, Am. J. Ophthalmol., 1981, 92, 77\u201384.","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"111857_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"544","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.68.8.544","volume":"68","author":"I Karai","year":"1984","unstructured":"I. Karai, S. Matsumara, S. Takise, S. Horiguchi and M. Matsuda, Morphological changes in the corneal endothelium due to ultraviolet radiation in welders, Br. J. Ophthalmol., 1984, 68, 544\u2013548.","journal-title":"Br. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"111857_CR17","first-page":"167","volume":"14","author":"V Zlateva","year":"1989","unstructured":"V. Zlateva and R. Toncheva, Some occupational disorders of the eyes from ultraviolet radiation (in Russian), Probl. Khig., 1989, 14, 167\u2013173.","journal-title":"Probl. Khig."},{"key":"111857_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1444-0938.1990.tb03107.x","volume":"73","author":"T Ten Kate","year":"1990","unstructured":"T. Ten Kate and M. J. Collins, A survey of symptoms and eye safety practices among welders, Clinical and Experimental Optometry, 1990, 73, 79\u201385.","journal-title":"Clinical and Experimental Optometry"},{"key":"111857_CR19","first-page":"217","volume":"110","author":"F Fioretti","year":"1984","unstructured":"F. Fioretti, F. Jesu, I. De Laurentiis and G. Manzi, Changes in the corneal endothelium of man induced by ultraviolet radiation, Ann. Ottalmol. Clin. Ocul., 1984, 110, 217\u2013221.","journal-title":"Ann. Ottalmol. Clin. Ocul."},{"key":"111857_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"531","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(82)34746-6","volume":"89","author":"GO Waring","year":"1982","unstructured":"G. O. Waring, W. M. Bourne, H. F. Edelhuser and K. R. Kenyon, The corneal endothelium. Normal and pathologic structure and function, Ophthalmology, 1982, 89, 531\u2013590.","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"111857_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1475-1313.2002.00013.x","volume":"22","author":"MJ Doughty","year":"2002","unstructured":"M. J. Doughty, K. A. Blades and N. Ibrahim, Assessment of the number of symptoms and the impact of some confounding variables for office staff in non-air-conditioned buildings, Ophthalmol. Physiol. Opt., 2002, 22, 143\u2013155.","journal-title":"Ophthalmol. Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"111857_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1076\/ceyr.21.4.788.5548","volume":"21","author":"SW Cheung","year":"2000","unstructured":"S. W. Cheung and P. Cho, Endothelial cells analysis with the TOPCON specular microscope SP-2000P, IMAGEnet system, Curr. Eye Res., 2000, 21, 788\u2013798.","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"111857_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9394(14)72667-4","volume":"120","author":"BR Lam","year":"1995","unstructured":"B. R. Lam, S. Lam and R. C. Walls, Prevalence of palpebral fissure asymmetry in white persons, Am. J. Ophthalmol., 1995, 120, 518\u2013522.","journal-title":"Am. J. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"111857_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1006\/exer.1998.0571","volume":"67","author":"ML Zaman","year":"1998","unstructured":"M. L. Zaman, M. J. Doughty and N. F. Button, The exposed ocular surface and its relationship to spontaneous eyeblink rate in elderly Caucasians, Exp. Eye Res., 1998, 67, 681\u2013686.","journal-title":"Exp. Eye Res."},{"key":"111857_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0040-8166(02)00022-8","volume":"34","author":"E Oblak","year":"2002","unstructured":"E. Oblak, M. J. Doughty and L. Oblak, A semi-automated assessment of cell size and shape in monolayers, with optional adjustment for the cell-cell border width-application to human corneal endothelium, Tissue Cell, 2002, 34, 283\u2013295.","journal-title":"Tissue Cell"},{"key":"111857_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6257(00)00110-7","volume":"44","author":"MJ Doughty","year":"2000","unstructured":"M. J. Doughty and M. L. Zaman, Human corneal thickness, its impact on intaocular pressure measures, Surv. Ophthalmol., 2000, 44, 367\u2013408.","journal-title":"Surv. Ophthalmol."},{"key":"111857_CR27","first-page":"167","volume":"25","author":"K Green","year":"1990","unstructured":"K. Green, Corneal endothelial structure, function under normal, toxic conditions, Cell Biol. Rev., 1990, 25, 167\u2013207.","journal-title":"Cell Biol. Rev."},{"key":"111857_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198909000-00010","volume":"66","author":"MJ Doughty","year":"1989","unstructured":"M. J. Doughty, Towards a quantitative analysis of corneal endothelial cell morphology-a review of techniques, their application, Optometry and Vision Science, 1989, 66, 626\u2013642.","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science"},{"key":"111857_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1016\/0892-8967(90)90064-M","volume":"17","author":"MJ Doughty","year":"1990","unstructured":"M. J. Doughty, The ambiguous coefficient of variation, polymegethism of the corneal endothelium, central corneal thickness, International Contact Lens Clinics, 1990, 17, 240\u2013247.","journal-title":"International Contact Lens Clinics"},{"key":"111857_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200003000-00006","volume":"19","author":"MJ Doughty","year":"2000","unstructured":"M. J. Doughty, A. M\u00fcller and M. L. Zaman, Assessment of the reliability of human corneal endothelial cell density estimates using a non-contact specular microscope, Cornea, 2000, 19, 148\u2013158.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"111857_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199006000-00004","volume":"67","author":"JPG Bergmanson","year":"1990","unstructured":"J. P. G. Bergmanson, Corneal damage in photokeratitis-why is it so painful?, Optometry and Vision Science, 1990, 67, 407\u2013413.","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science"},{"key":"111857_CR32","first-page":"178","volume":"59","author":"JPG Bergmanson","year":"1988","unstructured":"J. P. G. Bergmanson, D. G. Pitts and L. W.-F. Chu, Protection from harmful UV radiation by contact lenses, J. Am. Optom. Assoc., 1988, 59, 178\u2013182.","journal-title":"J. Am. Optom. Assoc."},{"key":"111857_CR33","first-page":"325","volume":"35","author":"ZZ Nagy","year":"1995","unstructured":"Z. Z. Nagy, B. Seitz, M. J. Maldonado and M. Simon, Changes of the corneal endothelium after ultraviolet-B exposure in previously photokeratectomised eyes, Acta Chir. Hung., 1995\/96, 35, 325\u2013332","journal-title":"Acta Chir. Hung."},{"key":"111857_CR34","first-page":"112","volume":"30","author":"S Takise","year":"1988","unstructured":"S. Takise, S. Horiguchi, I. Kari, S. Matsumura, M. Harima, T. Miki, S. Yoshikawa and H. Yamashita, Effects of ultraviolet laser beam irradiation on rabbit cornea, lens (in Japanese), Jpn. J. Ind. Health, 1988, 30, 112\u2013120.","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Ind. Health"},{"key":"111857_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.2486\/indhealth.25.147","volume":"25","author":"T Okuno","year":"1987","unstructured":"T. Okuno, Measurement of ultraviolet radiation from welding arcs, Ind. Health, 1987, 25, 147\u2013156.","journal-title":"Ind. Health"},{"key":"111857_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-199606000-00011","volume":"73","author":"BR Chou","year":"1996","unstructured":"B. R. Chou and A. P. Cullen, Ocular hazards of industrial spot welding, Optometry and Vision Science, 1996, 73, 424\u2013427.","journal-title":"Optometry and Vision Science"},{"key":"111857_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.3109\/02713688808995745","volume":"7","author":"GW Good","year":"1988","unstructured":"G. W. Good and J. Schoessler, Chronic solar radiation exposure, endothelial polymegethism, Curr. Eye Res., 1988, 7, 157\u2013162.","journal-title":"Curr. Eye Res."},{"key":"111857_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-197708000-00010","volume":"54","author":"DG Pitts","year":"1977","unstructured":"D. G. Pitts, A. P. Cullen and P. D. Hacker, Ocular effect of near ultraviolet radiation: Literature review, Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Opt., 1977, 54, 542\u2013549.","journal-title":"Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"111857_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-1097.1989.tb04095.x","volume":"49","author":"MJ Doughty","year":"1989","unstructured":"M. J. Doughty and A. P. Cullen, Long-term effects of a single dose of ultraviolet-B on albino rabbit cornea-I. in vivo analyses, Photochem. Photobiol., 1989, 49, 185\u2013196.","journal-title":"Photochem. Photobiol."},{"key":"111857_CR40","first-page":"24","volume":"2134B","author":"AP Cullen","year":"1994","unstructured":"A. P. Cullen and S. C. Perera, Sunlight, human conjunctival action spectrum, SPIE Proc., 1994, 2134B, 24\u201330.","journal-title":"SPIE Proc."},{"key":"111857_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1097\/00003226-200201000-00019","volume":"21","author":"A Podskochy","year":"2002","unstructured":"A. Podskochy and P. Fagerholm, The expression of Fas ligand protein in ultraviolet-exposed rabbit corneas, Cornea, 2002, 21, 91\u201394.","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"111857_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198407000-00009","volume":"61","author":"AP Cullen","year":"1984","unstructured":"A. P. Cullen, B. R. Chou, M. G. Hall and S. E. Jany, Ultraviolet-B damages corneal endothelium, Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Opt., 1984, 61, 473\u2013478.","journal-title":"Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"111857_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1097\/00006324-198011000-00005","volume":"57","author":"AP Cullen","year":"1980","unstructured":"A. P. Cullen, Additive effects of ultraviolet radiation, Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Opt., 1980, 57, 808\u2013814.","journal-title":"Am. J. Optom. Physiol. Opt."},{"key":"111857_CR44","first-page":"186","volume-title":"Environmental Vision, Interactions of the Eye, Vision, the Environment","author":"DG Pitts","year":"1993","unstructured":"D. G. Pitts, and R. N. Kleinstein, Ocular effects of radiant energy, in Environmental Vision, Interactions of the Eye, Vision, the Environment, ed. D. G. Pitts and R. N. Kleinstein, Butterworth-Heinemann, London, 1993, pp. 186\u2013189"}],"container-title":["Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1039\/b205044g.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.1039\/b205044g\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/pubs.rsc.org\/en\/content\/articlepdf\/2002\/PP\/B205044G","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1039\/b205044g.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,29]],"date-time":"2024-11-29T07:42:47Z","timestamp":1732866167000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.1039\/b205044g"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]}},"alternative-id":["111857"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/b205044g","relation":{},"ISSN":["1474-905X","1474-9092"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1474-905X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1474-9092"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"24 May 2002","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"20 August 2002","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"1 November 2002","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}}]}}