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In the past decades, the spread and inappropriate use of antibiotics have caused a considerable increase of antibiotics to which bacteria have developed resistance and, moreover, bacteria are becoming resistant to more than one antibiotic simultaneously. Understanding mechanisms at the molecular level is extremely important to control multi-resistant strains and to develop new therapeutic strategies. In the present study, comparative proteomics was applied to characterize membrane and cytosolic proteome in order to investigate the regulation of protein expression in multi-resistance E. coli isolated from young never vaccinated water buffalo. Results highlighted differentially expressed proteins under multi drug resistance conditions giving new insights about mechanisms involved in resistance, as quorum sensing mechanisms, and suggesting possible novel bacterial targets to develop alternative antibiotic drugs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p\/>","DOI":"10.1039\/c1mb05385j","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,28]],"date-time":"2011-11-28T06:31:04Z","timestamp":1322461864000},"page":"1060-1067","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Comparative proteomics to evaluate multi drug resistance in\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Cristian","family":"Piras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche, Facolt\u00e0 di Agraria, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Sassari a , Sassari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessio","family":"Soggiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze \u201cB.B.Brodie\u201d, Universit\u00e0 degli studi di Cagliari b , Cagliari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Bonizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Igiene e Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica Veterinaria, Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina Veterinaria, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Milano c , Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Gaviraghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Igiene e Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica Veterinaria, Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina Veterinaria, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Milano c , Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Deriu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia Animale, Igiene e Sanit\u00e0 Pubblica Veterinaria, Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina Veterinaria, Universit\u00e0 Degli Studi di Milano c , Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"De Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia e Sanit\u00e0 Animale, Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina Veterinaria, Universit\u00e0 di Napoli \u201cFederico II\u201d d , Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Iovane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Patologia e Sanit\u00e0 Animale, Facolt\u00e0 di Medicina Veterinaria, Universit\u00e0 di Napoli \u201cFederico II\u201d d , Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Amoresano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Chimica Organica e Biochimica, Universit\u00e0 di Napoli \u201cFedericoII\u201d e , Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Roncada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Sperimentale Italiano L. 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